The main purpose of this paper was to explore mathematics educators’ perception of the cultural relevance of basic level mathematics in Nepal. The design of this study involved an interpretive qualitative approach by administering in-depth interviews with five purposively selected mathematics educators teaching at five higher education institutions in the Kathmandu valley. Each interview was audio-recorded and transcribed for coding and constructing themes. The major themes that emerged were teaching in a mother language, contextualized Ethnomathematics, and the local knowledge in the curriculum as a teaching approach. The findings of the study can be helpful to curriculum designers and teachers at the basic level of mathematics. The study also adds to the literature of cultural aspects of mathematics teaching and learning and curriculum design.

<p style="text-align: justify;">Preservice mathematics teachers' beliefs about actions related to the use of the technological tools in teaching mathematics may affect how they are going to use them in their classroom activities. However, there is a limited evidence of what beliefs they hold on their intended actions of using technological tools in teaching mathematics. This study presents two preservice high school mathematics teachers' actional beliefs related to their intended actions in teaching geometric transformations (GTs) using Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP). The study comprised of a series of five task-based qualitative interviews with each of two senior undergraduate preservice teachers at a medium-sized public university in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. This study used a radical constructivist grounded theory (RCGT) with five assumptions—symbiosis, voice, cognition, adaptation, and praxis as a theoretical framework to guide the study process. The thematic findings of the study included four in vivo categories of their beliefs associated with actions of teaching GTs with GSP – assessment of student learning, engaging students in a group activity in exploring GTs with GSP, engaging students in individual activity in exploring GTs with GSP, and exploring GTs with GSP as 'suck it up and do it.' Pedagogical implications of these categories have been discussed.</p>

The objective of this research paper is to discuss the high school students' strategies used in mathematics learning with a mixed-method consisting of a sequential explanatory design integrated with class observations, interviews, and questionnaire of Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) with sample of 1394 students of grade nine were involved from 24 selected schools (public and private) from urban and rural areas. The analysis of data revealed nine types of learning strategies used by the learners that out of the 1394 students, about 25 percent of students used peer learning strategy in their study. Besides this, other methods such as elaboration, help-seeking, effort management, rehearsal were used by 21%, 14%, 11%, and 11% of students, respectively. Some other strategies were also in use; however, they were preferred by a few students. They include the organization (9%), time and study management (5%), meta-cognition (2%), and critical thinking (2%). Metacognition and critical thinking were the least preferred strategies by Nepalese high school students. Some pedagogical implications of these findings have been discussed at the end.

The process of constructing knowledge in mathematics education is critical in developing it as a discipline with an impact on the field of teaching, learning, and assessment based on theory and practice. How do mathematics educators perceive the processes of knowledge construction in mathematics education? It may have an implication in the methods of teaching, learning, and researching to enrich this discipline. In this context, the purpose of this study was to explore the Nepali mathematics educators’ perspectives on critical conscience for the construction of knowledge in mathematics education. The research participants were five university-level mathematics educators who participated in in-depth interviews on critical conscience in mathematics education. The qualitative thematic analysis of the interview data unveiled four major thematic groups in terms of four idiographic passes– culture, communication, collaboration, and context (4Cs); discourse, dedication, deliberation, and development (4Ds); equity, engagement, elaboration, and extension (4Es); and formation, fusion, frame of reference, and faculty of cognition (4Fs). The thematic interpretations of critical conscience may portray the paradigmatic assumptions of ontological, epistemological, and axiological primacy of mathematics education from the participants’ views. Policy and pedagogical implications of the themes have been discussed.

<p style="text-align: justify;">This paper explores misconceptions and errors (M/Es) of eighth-grade students in Nepal with a quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control and experimental groups. The treatment was implemented with teaching episodes based on different remedial strategies of addressing students' M/Es. Students of control groups were taught under conventional teaching-learning method, whereas experimental groups were treated with a guided method to treat with misconceptions and errors. The effectiveness of treatment was tested at the end of the intervention. The results showed that the new guided treatment approach was found to be significant to address students' M/Es. Consequently, the students of experimental groups made significant progress in dealing with M/Es in mathematical problem-solving at conceptual, procedural, and application levels.</p>

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Mathematics anxiety in students seems to be one of the most common phenomena in mathematics teaching and learning worldwide. However, mathematics anxiety induced through the verbal behaviour of other people is an understudied area in mathematics education. This paper aimed to investigate the influence of the verbal behaviour of older people on the students’ interest and choice in studying mathematics. Ten grade-nine students studying in a high school in Kathmandu participated in semi-structured interviews. A descriptive qualitative research design, followed by a thematic analysis of the data through primary, secondary, and tertiary coding, identified four major themes related to the verbal behaviour of elders that induced mathematics anxiety in the students. These themes were discouragement, abuse, fear, and dilemma due to adults’ verbal behaviour when choosing mathematics as an optional subject in high school. The study results have educational implications in terms of the way teachers and parents express their viewpoints and interest in mathematics and related subjects may affect students’ interests and attitudes toward mathematics.

This study explored the challenges faced by mathematics teachers in promoting social justice in teaching and learning in mathematics in high schools in Nepal. An interpretive qualitative research method was employed for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data in an iterative process. An in-depth interview method was implemented to collect data from three mathematics teachers on challenges of social justice in mathematics classrooms at three public secondary schools in Kathmandu. A multi-layered thematic analysis and interpretation of the participant narratives from the interview data produced eight emergent themes: diverse students, working-class children, students' absenteeism, disengaging curriculum, students' different interests, non-participatory teaching, insufficient skills in using technology, and cultural differences. Pedagogical and policy implications are additionally considered.