During thermal radiation treatments, heat therapies,
and examination
procedures like scans and X-rays, the cylindrical blood vessels may
get stretched; meanwhile, the blood flow through those blood vessels
may get affected due to temperature variations around them. To overcome
this issue, this work was framed to explore the impact of heat transmission
in a Carreau fluid flow (CFF) through a stretching cylinder in terms
of the nonlinear stretching rate and irregular heat source/sink. Temperature-dependent
thermal conductivity and thermal radiation are taken into consideration
in this study. To tranform complicated partial differential equations
into ordinary differential equations, appropriate similarity variables
are used. For a limited set of instances, the derived series solutions
are compared to previously published results. For linear and nonlinear
stretching rates, graphs and tables are used to examine the influence
of an irregular heat source/sink on fluid movement and heat transfer.
The research outcomes demonstrate that the heat source and nonlinear
stretching rate cause a disruption in the temperature distribution
in the fluid region, which can alter the blood flow through the vessels.
In all conditions except for the heat in an internal heat sink, the
nonlinear stretching situation improves the velocity and heat profile.
Furthermore, with the increase in the values of the Weissenberg number,
the temperature profile shows opposing features in a shear-thickening
fluid and shear-thinning fluid. For the former
n
>
1, the blood fluidity gets affected, restricting the free movement
of blood. For the latter,
n
< 1, the phenomenon
is reversed. Other industrial applications of this work are wire coating,
plastic coverings, paper fabrication, fiber whirling, etc. In all
of those processes, the fluid flow is manipulated by thermal conditions.
The smart grid will be a power grid more “aware” of its operating state and having the ability to self-heal. These features may be incorporated into the grid by implementing a phasor measurement units based wide area measurement system. Such a system will help in better real time monitoring and control of the grid. However, the wide area measurement system is subject to challenges with respect to its security. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of security issues with a wide area measurement system is presented and the research efforts required to be taken are identified. Moreover, the effect of communication failure on a PMU installed system has been presented using integer linear programming.
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