in Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. This paper studies the effect of drainage ditches into the peat land water table. Results show the establishment of drainage ditches on this peatland landscape lowered the water table by more than 3 times from ~11.7 cm (SE = 1.5, n = 5) to ~37.3 cm (SE = 2.1 cm, n = 26). The effect on the water table was in drier months of July-August. Lowering the water table level altered worst the soil micro climate, peat temperature and peat water content. The results indicate the land use changes in peatland with the establishment of drainage affects peatland water table currently. In the area of less than 500 m from the drainage, the water level tends to lower toward the drainage feature. Therefore, recovery of peatland forests should be initiated by managing the landscape hydrology (i.e. water table) to restore the ecosystem and to protect the remaining peat swamp forest.Keywords: Degraded peatland forest, drainage ditches, ecosystem restoration, soil micro climate, tropical peatland. DAMPAK PARIT DRAINASE TERHADAP TINGGI
Genetic variability and heritability are very important in a variety improvement. The high genetic diversity can increase the probability on obtaining a new superior variety, while heritability can accelerate the selection process. In acidic dry land, genetic variability is also needed in order to increase such probability. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability of acid-adaptive soybean promising lines. Ten advanced soybean-promising-lines derived from Tanggamus × Anjasmoro varieties crossing were used as the materials. Results showed that the characters of days to flowering, the number of branches plant-1 , the number of reproductive nodes plant-1 , 100 grains weight and grain yield had broad genetic variability, while days to maturity, plant height and the number of filled pods plant-1 had narrow genetic variability. Characters of days to flowering, days to maturity, the number of filled pods plant-1 and 100grain weight showed high broad sense heritability; characters of a number of branches plant-1 , and the number of reproductive nodes plant-1 had moderate broad sense heritability; and plant height and grain yield had low broad sense heritability. Characters with broad genetic variability and high heritability can be used as sources in soybean variety improvement. The positive correlation between number of branches plant-1 with number of reproductive nodes plant-1 and number of filled pods plant-1 were significant. Significant positive correlations were also found between number of reproductive nodes plant-1 with number of filled pods plant-1. Negative correlations were found between weight of 100 grains with number of reproductive nodes plant-1 and number of filled pods plant-1. Similarly, negative correlations were also found between days to flowering with grain yield. Negative correlation between days to flowering and grain yield suggests to develop variety with early days to flowering.
Astiani D, Curran LM, Mujiman, Ratnasari D, Salim R, Lisnawaty N. 2018. Edge effects on biomass, growth, and tree diversity of a degraded peatland in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 272-278. Tropical forested peatlands in Indonesia are threatened by logging and clearing which reduce their ecosystem functions and degrade the environment. Land use change activities disturbed intact forests, resulted in landscape fragmentation. Scattered forest matrices resulted in forest edge areas, which will considerably affect the forest biotic and abiotic conditions, as well as forest tree dynamics within the edge sites. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of forest edge on perimeter of the forest fragment on the forest biomass stock, growth, tree basal area as well as species composition, richness and abundance in a degraded peatland forest in West Kalimantan. A twelve-ha forest was divided into 35 plots in the interior forest and 13 at the forest edge; each plot was 50 m by 50 m in size based on their abiotic conditions such as light and temperatures. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was measured in each plot of both forest edge and interior sites using Licor-2100. The results indicated that even though the biomass levels maintained relatively moderate to high levels on both sites, forest edge significantly lowered forest biomass by 32%, reduced 23-25% of tree-biomass growth per unit area for both tree diameter of 10-20 cm and >20 cm. There was a shift of tree species composition, 76 species were found on both sites, 24 species were not found in edge site, but present in the interior site and 10 species were found only in edge site. Peatland forest matrix created forest edges that are lowering peatland forest roles in sequestering carbon per unit area and reducing species diversity. Peatland forest restoration should be conducted to reduce forest matrices and to lower the edge effects.
Abstract. Astiani D, Curran Lm, Mujiman, Salim R. 2017. Throughfall quantity and carbon input beneath canopy gaps of varying size in degraded tropical peatland forest of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1258-1264. Tropical peatland forest ecology, is mostly determined by peatland hydrological conditions. However, deforestation, forest degradation, or any other environmental disturbance can transform hydrological patterns and processes for peatland water movement, and thus alter carbon flow via water in this type of ecosystem. These changes arise from alteration in the quantity of throughfall (water that falls through plant canopies), in its interception, and in its evaporation to the atmosphere from vegetation surfaces. We have investigated the effects of a gradient of forest degradation levels, represented by canopy gaps (open, intermediate and closed), on throughfall quantity to the peatland forest floor. Nine plots, 50m x 50m in size, were stratified into the three forest canopy gap classes. Nine bucket collectors were used for throughfall, and tipping bucket rain gauges were set up for precipitation monitoring. Results show that annual precipitation in the area was 3,168.8 ± 111.3 mm, with a mean monthly rainfall of 264.0 ± 15.3 mm. Throughfall monitoring demonstrated that closed canopies transferred significantly more water as throughfall than intermediate or open canopies, due to differences in their effect on water movement through the canopies. The proportion of precipitation that passed through the canopies to the forest floor as throughfall was measured to be 76.5%, 77.3% and 89.4 %, or 202, 204 and 236 mm per month, respectively for open, intermediate, and closed canopies. It was found that higher levels of canopy cover resulted in significantly higher amounts of total organic carbon (TOC) content per unit of throughfall; specifically, 2.5 2.8 and 3.4 mg L -1 respectively for the open, intermediate, and closed canopies. When coupled with the higher quantity of throughfall in the closed canopy, the higher concentration of carbon results in a greater amount of carbon brought to the peatland forest floor by the throughfall pathway. This could also have impacts for other nutrients in the peatland soil.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.