KHI merupakan hasil ijtihad ulama Indonesia yang selaras dengan konteks sosiologis, antropologis dan budaya yang berkembang dalam masyarakat.KHI dapat dikatakan sebagai fiqih mazhab Indonesia. Karena elemen-elemen yang mengkonstruksi hukum Islam dalam KHI mulai dari inisiatif, proses penelitian, hingga penyimpulan akhir dari pilihan-pilihan hukumnya semuanya dilakukan oleh suatu tim yang dibentuk oleh Negara dan beranggotakan hampir seluruhnya orang-orang Negara. Latar belakang pembentukan, logika hukum yang digunakan hingga pola redaksi yang diterapkan juga sebagaimana lazimnya digunakan oleh hukum positif yang diakui oleh negara. KHI juga mencerminkan politik akomodasi politik orde Baru terhadap kekuatan Islam, setelah sekian lama Islam dimarginalkan pemerintah.KHI pada tingkat tertentu merupakan fiqih yang dapat mewakili karakter dan ciri keindonesiaan, dan merupakan puncak pemikiran fiqih di Indonesia. Ia dapat dikatakan salah satu hasil pembaharuan hukum Islam yang telah mampu mewarnai langkah pembaharuan hukum Islam di Indonesia.
This study aims to find a conceptual model of teaching factory in the field of air conditioning and air conditioning engineering in vocational high schools (VHS). The teaching factory development model is expected to have a solid legal foundation and be able to carry out independent financial management so that they are able to carry out sound business practices. This study uses a type of development research, namely research and development (R D), with a 4-D (Four-D) approach. The stages in this research are define, design, development, and disseminate. The conceptual model of the teaching factory was tested for feasibility by the validator of material experts (expert judgment) and the model user, namely by the executor of the teaching factory in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning engineering at VHS 1 Magelang. The results of the study indicate that the teaching factory conceptual model consists of components, namely 1) information technology; 2) PPK-BLUD; 3) HR; 4) block schedule; 5) worksheets; 6) products/services; 7) workshops; 8) industry partnerships; and 9) system management. Based on the results of expert validation and model user responses, the teaching factory conceptual model was declared feasible to be applied in VHS. The teaching factory conceptual model has a solid legal foundation, allows for independent financial management patterns, and can carry out healthy business practices on an ongoing basis (sustainability).
This study discussed socio-religious events at the Aceh border. The border is defined as the boundary line between Aceh which uphold Islam as its identity with the neighboring province which has multiculturalism as its identity. The border is a melting pot for various ethnic and religious groups which formed their distinctive identity. Cross-cultural communication is become necessary to reduce religious conflict that has emerged for a long time. This study asks this question: why cross-cultural communication is important for Acehnese border communities. This study used a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach to understanding the identity awareness of people who have diverse identities. Strengthening cross-cultural communication can be categorized as a form of social engineering in the context of the integration of Acehnese border communities. The study showed that religious conflicts on the Aceh border, especially at the Singkil Regency, which have occurred since 1979 and peaked in 2015 were triggered by the state of identity politics. Religious theological nuances were massively involved in the conflict and contestation, this attitude showed the legitimacy of political interests. Historically, the people of Singkil came from one ancestor with the same clan. Community integration can only be done through culture-based communication as the glue of social relations. Cross-cultural forms of communication could be found in public spaces such as traditional markets and local community weddings.Abstrak: Studi ini mendiskusikan peristiwa sosial keagamaan di perbatasan (border) Aceh. Perbatasan mengandung makna garis batas, antara Aceh yang menjunjung Islam sebagai identitas dengan provinsi tetangga yang multikultur. Kawasan ini menjadi titik pertemuan ragam etnis dan agama yang membentuk identitas tersendiri. Komunikasi lintas budaya dalam rangka meredam konflik agama yang telah lama muncul menjadi keniscayaan. Studi ini beranjak dari pertanyaan mengapa komunikasi lintas budaya penting bagi masyarakat perbatasan Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi untuk memahami kesadaran identitas masyarakat yang memiliki identitas beragam. Penguatan komunikasi lintas budaya dapat dikategorikan sebagai bentuk rekayasa sosial dalam konteks integrasi masyarakat perbatasan Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika konflik agama di perbatasan Aceh, khususnya Kabupaten Singkil yang terjadi sejak tahun 1979 dan puncaknya pada tahun 2015 dipicu oleh keadaan politik identitas. Nuansa teologis keagamaan dilibatkan secara masif dalam konflik dan kontestasi tersebut, sikap ini menunjukkan adanya legitimasi kepentingan yang bersifat politis. Realitas sejarah, masyarakat Singkil berasal dari satu nenek moyang dengan marga yang sama. Integrasi masyarakat hanya bisa dilakukan melalui komunikasi berbasis budaya sebagai perekat hubungan sosial. Bentuk komukasi lintas budaya dapat ditemui di ruang publik seperti pasar tradisional dan acara pesta perkawinan masyarakat setempat.
The professional competence of teachers has not been able to change students' morals for the better. Usman argued that teachers have an important role, and are responsible for shaping the character of their students. The teacher is an important factor that has a big influence on the success of character education in schools. Facts in the field, there are still many teachers who do not have good competence. One of the competencies that need to be highlighted is the professional competence possessed by a teacher. This study aims to determine the professional competence of teachers at SMAS Laboratorium School Unsyiah; knowing the role of exemplary teachers in the Unsyiah School Laboratory SMAS; knowing the relationship of teacher professional competence to the role of exemplary at SMAS Laboratory School Unsyiah Banda Aceh City. The method used in this research is qualitative method. with interview data collection techniques, documentation, observation. There are 3 findings in this study; first, the professional competence of teachers at the Unsyiah School Laboratory High School; second, the role of exemplary teachers in the Unsyiah School Laboratory SMAS; the third is the relationship of teacher professional competence to the role of exemplary at SMAS Laboratorium School Unsyiah. This finding can be used to strengthen data on the relation of teacher professional competence to the role of exemplary. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the professional competence of teachers is very closely related in the process of setting an example for students, so that students will tend to be easy to advise.
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