ÖzetAmaç Diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonları (DFE), hastalar ve sağlık sistemi için büyük bir küresel yüke neden olur. Mortalitenin önemli bir nedeni olan DFE'nın özelliklerini tam olarak anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışma, DFE ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaları incelemeyi ve bundan sonraki çalışmalara rehberlik etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Materyal ve MetodWeb of Science (WOS) veri tabanı 28 Şubat 2021 tarihine kadar yayın aramak için tarandı. Çalışmamızda elde edilen veriler çeşitli bibliyometrik göstergeler sunmak için analiz edilirken, haritalar VOS görüntüleyici programı (VOS) kullanılarak görselleştirildi. 'Diyabetik ayak' ve 'Diyabetik ayak hastalığı' veya 'Diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu' anahtar kelimelerini içeren yayınlar incelenmiştir.Bulgular Arama kriterlerine göre toplam 802 yayına ulaşıldı. En çok yayın ABD'dendi (%32,941). Yayınların çoğu makale (%63,6) ve endokrinoloji ve metabolizma alanındaydı. DFE ile ilgili yayınların atıf oranları yıllar içinde artmıştı.Sonuç DFE le lg l artan akadem k makalen n kal tes n değerlend rmek ve eks k çalışma konularına rehberl k etmek ç n b bl yometr k anal z daha yaygın olarak kullanılmalıdır. Anahtar KelimelerAğ Anal z , B bl yometr k Anal z, D yabet k Ayak, D yabet k Ayak enfeks yonu. Özet Aim D abet c foot nfect ons (DFI) result n a major global burden for pat ents and the health care system. It s mportant to fully understand the character st cs of DFI, wh ch s a major cause of mortal ty.s study a med to exam ne the stud es on DFI and to gu de future stud es. Material and Method e Web of Sc ence (WOS) database was scanned to search for publ cat ons unt l February 28, 2021. Wh le the data obta ned n our study were analyzed to present var ous b bl ometr c nd cators, the maps were v sual zed us ng the VOS v ewer program (VOS v ewer). e publ cat ons conta n ng the keywords 'D abet c foot' and 'D abet c foot d sease' or 'D abet c foot nfect on' were exam ned. Results A total of 802 publ cat ons were reached accord ng to the search cr ter a. e most publ cat ons were from the USA (32.941%). Most of the publ cat ons were art cles (63,6%) and were n endocrnology and metabol sm area. e number of c te rates of publ cat ons on DFI have ncreased over the years. Conclusion B bl ometr c analys s should be used more w dely to assess the qual ty of the grow ng academ c paper on DFI and to gu de m ss ng study ssues.

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Background and aim:The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the long-term (≥4 weeks) use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is a risk factor for intubation requirement and mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Materials and methods:In this multicentric retrospective study, a total of 382 adult patients (≥18 years of age) with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized for treatment were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to the periods during which they used PPIs: the first group included patients who were not on PPI treatment, and the second group included those who have used PPIs for more than 4 weeks. Results:The study participants were grouped according to their PPI usage history over the last 6 months. In total, 291 patients did not use any type of PPI over the last 6 months, and 91 patients used PPIs for more than 4 weeks. Older age (HR: 1.047, 95% CI: 1.026-1.068), current smoking (HR: 2.590, 95% CI: 1.334-5.025), and PPI therapy for more than 4 weeks (HR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.06-2.41) were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusion:The results obtained in this study show that using PPIs for more than 4 weeks is associated with negative outcomes for patients with COVID-19. Patients receiving PPI therapy should be evaluated more carefully if they are hospitalized for COVID-19 treatment.

Aim: To evaluate patient characteristics by reviewing colonoscopy procedures performed within an 8-year period in the endoscopy centre of a training and research hospital. Methods:Colonoscopy procedures that were performed for various indications between 2002 and 2009 in the endoscopy unit of our hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Of 3035 colonoscopy procedures, 2831 were included in the analysis. In addition to demographic characteristics of the patients, presence and localization of colorectal masses, presence of inflammatory bowel disease, frequency of presence of hemorrhoids, diverticula, polyps, and other diseases, as well as complications were recorded. Results:The mean age of the patients (male, 50.5%) was 54.36 ± 15.05 years (range, 16-93 years). While a pathological finding was determined in 1512 (53.4%) colonoscopy procedures, 1319 (46.6%) colonoscopy procedures were reported as normal. Concerning complications during examinations, perforation was encountered in two patients and major bleeding was not determined in any of the patients. The most common diagnoses were polyps (15.9%) and hemorrhoids (15.9%), followed by colorectal mass (12.9%), diverticula (6.8%), and inflammatory bowel disease (5.6%). Conclusion:The fact that colorectal masses ranked third among the colonoscopic diagnoses suggested that cancer screening programs should be handled nationally.

Aim: The pathogenesis of myocarditis, which has high morbidity and mortality in childhood and adolescence, has not been fully elucidated. The pathogenesis of acute myocarditis is a complex process in which multiple agents play a role. We aimed to compare ECG, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters of patients during acute exacerbation of myocarditis and clinical remission.Material and Method: 144 patients (124 males, 20 females) with an acute myocarditis episode were included in the study (28 ± 5). These patients were called for control during the clinical remission period of 3-12 months. The ECG, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters of the patients were compared during acute exacerbation and clinical remission. QT and Tp-e ECG parameters were measured. In addition to routine biochemistry and hemogram parameters, troponin I, uric acid, CRP, sedimentation, TSH and cholesterol levels were measured. Left ventricular ejection fraction was measured as an echocardiographic parameter.Results: When compared with the clinical remission Tp-e interval (p: 0.032), QT-max (p=0.014), QT-min (p=0.001), TSH (p<0.001), Trop (p<0.00), Urea (p=0.028), Alt (p=0.010), Ast (p<0.001), Wbc (p<0.001), Hb (p<0.001), Htc (p<0.001), Rdw (p<0.001), Plt (p<0.001), Mpv (p<0.001), Neu (p=0.003), Lym (p=0.013), Mon (p<0.001), Eo (p=0.003), Pdw (p<0.001), CRP (p=0.001), ESR (p<0.001), and HDL-C (p=0.002) were significantly changed in patients with acute attack myocarditis. Conclusion:ECG parameters, inflammation markers, and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly improved in the clinical remission in addition to the left ventricular ejection fraction during acute exacerbation of the patients. LVEF, ECG parameters, inflammation markers, TSH and HDL cholesterol levels were thought to be important in terms of clinical course and pathogenesis of the disease.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate the relations between frailty and T2DM. One hundred twenty-five patients with T2DM diagnosis were included in the study. According to the Fried's frailty scale, the patients were grouped as frail, pre-frail and non-frail, and their prevalence was determined. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements and laboratory data were compared between the groups. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used as the group size was not equal. The frail patients' number was 11 (8%), the pre-frail patients' number was 83 (66%), and the non-frail patients' number was 31 (26%) in the study. The median age of the frail group was 65 (51-88) years, the pre-frail group was 61 (50-78) years, and the non-frail group was 61 (50-80) years (p = 0.15). There was no statistically significant difference between in body mass index, diabetes duration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and co-morbidity between the groups (p> 0.05 for all). Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, hand grip strength and gait speed were statistically significantly different between groups (p< 0.05 for all). Impaired glucose regulation, low gait speed and hand grip strength test were detected in patients with pre-frail T2DM. Patients with T2DM are candidates for frailty at an earlier age.

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Objective: Serum biomarkers are frequently used to assess disease activities in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD). But none of them are specific for intestinal inflammation. There are studies showing that hematological parameters predict inflammation in the body. Although previous studies have shown that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with disease activity in UC, this relationship has not been shown in CD. In our study, the relationship of NLR and other hematological parameters to disease activity in UC and CD was evaluated. Material and Method:A total of 197 UC (107 active, 90 remission), 97 CD (50 active, 47 remission) and 26 age and sex matched healthy control groups were included in the study. The disease activity and CRP, ESR, hemogram parameters were recorded. NLR, Platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), MPV/platelet and RDW/platelet ratios were calculated. Parameters were compared between UC, CD and control groups according to activity status. Results:In UC, leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, plateletcrit (Pct), PLR, ESR, CRP values were found to increase significantly in the control, remission and active groups with a certain trend, respectively. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and RDW/platelet were shown to decrease respectively. NLR and MPV/platelets were significantly different between the groups of active UC, UC in remission and control. Other parameters were not statistically significant. In CH, ESR, CRP, platelet, Pct, PLR were found to increase significantly with a certain trend in control, remission and active groups, respectively. Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH and RDW/platelets were found to decrease with a certain trend. Leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte count, MCHC, NLR and MPV/platelet were significantly different between the CD and control groups. In CD, eosinophil count and RDW were not statistically significant. ESR, CRP, NLR and PLR had acceptable sensitivity-specificity in predicting active patients in CD and UC. ESR, CRP, WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, Pct, NLR, PLR, MPV/platelet and RDW/platelet parameters were significant factors in predicting active disease in UC and CD. Conclusion:Many hemogram parameters change with activity in IBD. Although not specific for IBD, NLR and PLR are as effective as CRP and ESR in detecting active patients in IBD and can be used as markers to demonstrate activity.