Aim: To determine the effect of huffing manoeuvre to preventing cough caused by intravenous administration of fentanyl during induction of anaesthesia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: General Anaesthesia Department, SICU and Pain Management, Civil Hospital Karachi from 1st June 2019 to 30th November 2019. Methodology: One hundred and sixty four patients meeting were enrolled. Every patient was taught to perform huffing manoeuvre by primary investigator visiting patient in ward at night before surgery. The act of huffing manoeuvre was lasts within 5 seconds. Any episode of cough within 60 seconds of fentanyl administration was classified as fentanyl induced cough. All patients were received Propofol (2mg/kg) for induction of anaesthesia. Results: The mean age was 46.42±8.92 years. Incidence of fentanyl induced cough was observed in 4.3% cases and huffing manoeuvre was effective in 95.7% cases. Conclusion: Huffing manoeuvre is an effecting method of reducing fentanyl induced cough in patients undergoing surgery, especially the manoeuvre prevents developing of severe fentanyl induced cough. Keywords: Fentanyl, Cough, Huffing manoeuvre, Analgesic opioids
Aim: To compare the frequency of hypotension between phenylephrine and ephedrine groups after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Study design: Single-blind randomized clinical study Place and duration of study: Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Surgical ICU Civil Hospital, Karachi from 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2019. Methodology: All patients with age between 18 to 35 years having weight range 50kg to70kg with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical classification of I and II with Singleton Pregnancy assessed on ultrasound and gestational age 37 to 42 weeks assessed on previous dating scan were enrolled. Results: The mean age was 26.48±3.05 years, mean weight was 60.07±5.10 Kg, mean height 1.53±0.05m and mean BMI was 27.37±5.01 Kg/m2 respectively. Hypotension was found in 13(17.10%) patients. Comparison of hypotension with pehenylephrine and ephedrine shows that frequency of hypotension was found lower (15.4%) in patients who used pehenylephrine as compared to the patients who used ephiderine (p=0.006). Conclusion: Significant difference was observed in hypotension between phenylephrine and ephedrine groups after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Keywords: Hypotension, cesarean delivery, phenylephrine and ephedrine groups, spinal anesthesia
As we know that computers have become fountain pens of twenty first century. This paper discusses Computer Algebra System (CAS) activities used as part of a study conducted by the authors using Mathematica. It also emphasizes the use of Matlab for students and researchers for the purpose of verification of results of the problems at hand. This study will attempt to show the positive effect of the use of technology on students' motivation by taking three examples from calculus, advanced algebra and sequence and series problems. The graphic illustration of functions helps students towards a proper understanding of mathematical science problems. The work carried out will be useful for students, researchers, and teachers understand both theory and use of computer applications in order to become master of the subject.
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