Despite common use of primary health-care systems, with regard to tertiary hospital presentation, the most important factors for preferring tertiary hospital presentation were caregiver trust in tertiary hospital resources for diagnosis and treatment.

Background: When dealing with breast cancer, early detection is closely associated with determining and closely monitoring high risk groups. The aim of this study was to determine the preventable risk factors that are specific for our country, and to understand which risk factors were most predominant. Materials and Methods: The study was planned as a case-control design. Women diagnosed with breast cancer who visited the Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Radiation Oncology outpatient clinics of the Izmir Dokuz Eylul University (DEU) School of Medicine were accepted as the case group. Then a control group matched for age was established among females who visited the outpatient clinics on the same days. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was implemented using a face-to-face interview technique. The Mann-Whitney U test was used in the comparisons of the group averages, and the Pearson chi-square test in the comparisons between groups. In order to determine the dominant risk factors, binary logistical regression test was implemented. Results: A total of 138 patients, 69 cases and 69 controls, were included in the study. A significant difference can be detected between the groups in terms of BMI, smoking, breast cancer prevalence among first degree family members, presence of breast cancer among distant family members, existence of other types of cancers among family members and the age of onset of menopause (p<0.05). Logistical regression analysis revealed that the presence of breast cancer among first degree relatives increased the risk of developing breast cancer 5.7 times. Conclusions: Although some results of this study are compatible with findings in the literature, some are not. In order to determine unique risk factors, there is a clear need for large-scale studies.

Objectives: To define the demographic characteristics, health and dependence status of patients receiving home care services (HCSs) and the services needed and received by the patients. Patients and Methods:It is a descriptive study including 120 patients that had HCSs from a training and research hospital home care unit, where the files of the patients were evaluated retrospectively between January and August 2010. Results:Most of the patients in need of HCSs were female (61.8%), their mean age was 72.6±16.4 (range: 16-105) and 75.5% were 65 years and above, while 79.2% were bedridden. The personal hygiene and nutritional status were deemed inappropriate in 21.7% and 31.7%, respectively. The most common diseases were hypertension (19.3%), cerebrovascular accidents (13.5%), and Alzheimer's disease (9.5%). Family members mentioned their training needs' topics as nutrition (30.3%), sanitation-hygiene (21.2%), and general care (18.2%). Conclusion:The study has shown different aspects of HCSs including medical, nursing, and social welfare problems for all parties, especially family physicians. People applied for HCSs were mostly women, elders with impaired functional status and bedridden. Their caregivers were mostly family members who needed social support not only in economic means but also in training so that they can provide better care for their relatives. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, tüm taraflar için, özellikle aile hekimleri için, tıbbi ve hemşirelik alanları ile sosyal yardım kapsamındaki alanlarda ESH'nin farklı yönlerini göstermektedir. ESH için başvuranların çoğu kadın, yaşlı, fonksiyonel durumu bozuk ve yatağa bağımlıdırlar. Bakım verenler, sadece ekonomik anlamda değil, hastalarına daha iyi hizmet verebilmek için eğitim anlamında da hizmet almak ihtiyacındadırlar. Anahtar kelimeler: Evde sağlık hizmeti, Bağımlılık durumu, Bakımveren IntroductionThe modern description of hospice includes not only palliative care for the incurably ill given in hospitals or nursing homes, but also services provided to those who spend their last months or days of their lives at their own homes. In 1950s Dame Cicely Saunders pointed out the importance of palliative care in modern medicine in England [1, 2]. Evaluation of home care services at a training and research hospital in Izmirİzmir'de bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde evde bakım hizmetlerinin değerlendirilmesi