Purpose: The aim of study is to analyse isokinetic knee strength in soccer players in terms of selected parameters. Methods: A total of 30 subjects, 15 soccer players and 15 controls, were included in the study. Isokinetic knee strength measurements at angular speeds of 60°sec-1, 180°sec-1 and 240°sec-1 and pro-agility tests were conducted on the subjects. A body analyser was used for height, weight and body mass indexes (BMI) values. The training ages of the subjects and the positions of the soccer player group were recorded on personal information forms. Results: When the agility parameters were compared between football and control groups, a statistical difference was found in favour of the soccer player group (p < 0.05). When the effects of body composition and isokinetic knee strength on agility were analysed, negative significant correlation was found between weight and agility, BMI and agility and 240° right knee extension strength and agility (p < 0.05). When the positions of soccer players and isokinetic knee strengths were compared, significance was found between 60° right extension strength of defenders and midfielders and 60° left extension-flexion strengths of defenders and midfielders and forwards in favour of defenders (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, it was found that isokinetic knee strength did not have an influence on agility in low angular speeds, except for 240°sec-1 right extension. According to positions, as the isokinetic knee strength of defenders decreased, they showed higher results when compared with other positions.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the respiratory function and muscle strengths of elite female judo athletes and sedentary females. 20 elite female judo athletes (EG) and 20 sedentary healthy females (CG) participated in our study. The subjects' respiratory function tests were conducted in sitting position with spirometry, while the respiratory muscle strength tests were conducted by using intraoral barometry. SPSS 22.0 program was used for statistical analysis. When EG and CG were analysed in terms of respiratory functions, no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). However, when MIP* and MEP** values were analysed, it was found statistically that female judo athletes (EG) had much higher results when compared with sedentary females (CG) (*p<0.05, **p<0.01). As a conclusion, it can be seen that elite female judo athletes had stronger respiratory muscles when compared with sedentary females, while their lung capacities were found to be similar. Based on the results of our study, it is thought that by doing extra respiratory muscle and function developing trainings, these parameters influencing performance can be developed in female judo athletes. In addition, our study has the characteristic of a reference in terms of respiratory functions and especially respiratory muscle strength in the branch of judo.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between technical features such as goal, pass, shot, ball possession and ball stealing, and the goals scored in matches played by teams who qualified out of the group (n=16) and who could not (n=8) in 2016 UEFA European Championship. The data of the study were obtained by using computerized multiple camera surveillance system (Prozone). SPSS 22.0 program was used for the statistical analyses of this study. Independent T test was used to compare the parameters of teams who qualified out of the team and those who could not, while Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the association between variables. When the total shot parameters per match apart from shots, total pass, total pass to the third zone and ball stealing total data were compared, significant difference was found (p<0.05). In all of the shot parameters, especially in total goals scored and total shots on target (r=0.903), a positive high association was found in total ball stealing (r=0.796), total pass (r=0.753), total forward pass (r=0.819) and total pass to the third zone (r=0.748), while a negative intermediate association was found in average pass length per match (34+M) (r=-0.449). When the results were examined, it can be said that the teams who qualified out of the game can use technical properties effectively. It can be stated that in order to be successful in elite tournaments in the world, analysis practices should be taken more into consideration as well as technical and tactical practices.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine self-confidence levels of extreme sports athletes in terms of variables such as gender, sport experience and sports level. Methods: A total of 1660 athletes in skiing, snowboarding, mountaineering, motor-car and motor-bike racing participated in the study. “Self-confidence scale” developed by Akın (2007) was used to find out athletes’ characteristics of self-belief, being able to control emotions and taking risks. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test were used for data analysis. Results: Skiers and motor-car racers were found to have the highest self-confidence values, while snowboarders had the lowest values. Although there were less women in the study, significance was found only in external self-confidence in favour of women (p<0.05). Significant association was found between self-confidence values in terms of sport experience and sports level (p<0.05). Conclusions: Extreme sports should be generalized, supported and introduced to raise successful and self-confident individuals. This will contribute to the fast development of these sports which are known as dangerous sports throughout the world.

It was pointed to analyze some physical, physiological and anthropometric parameters of visually impaired and non-impaired A National male judoka in this study. A total of 14 volunteer A National male judoka, of which 8 were visually impaired (age: 25.12 ± 3.75, disability status: 20-200) and 6 were not visually impaired (age: 21.50 ± 1.51), participated in this study. Statistical data was evaluated by using Independent Samples T-test in SPSS package program. There were no considerable difference between impaired and non-impaired judoka with respect to grip strength, vertical jump, 30-s sit-up, 30-s push-up, anaerobic power and auditory reaction test parameters among the physical and physiological tests. No significant difference between impaired and non-impaired judoka was detected with respect to body fat ratio, one of the anthropometric measurements performed. All in all, it was observed in national judoka investigated in this study that impairment variable didn't significantly affected physical, physiological and anthropometric parameter values (p>0.05). It is considered that vision factor doesn't have negatory impact on the physical performance grades because of the similarity of the elite judoka's training levels.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight week core strength training (CST) on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength and H/Q ratio. The study included a total of 20 young soccer players, 10 in the experimental group (EG) and 10 in the control group (CG). Isokinetic knee strength measurements at angular velocities of 60°sec−1 , 180°sec−1 and 240°sec−1 were performed on the subjects. Independent sample t-test and 2x2 ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis. No significance was found between the pre-test results of both EG and CG (p>0.05). In post-test results, a difference was found in favour of EG group in RPM 60o EX value (p<0.05). When the pre-test and posttest results of the groups were compared separately, a significant difference was found in RPM 60o EX, LPM 180o EX and LPM 240o EX parameters in EG (p<0.05). A significant progress was found in LPM 180o EX, LPM 180o FLX and LPM 240o FLX values in CG (p<0.05). It was found that CST applied on young soccer players affected knee isokinetic strength in different velocity and this effect caused significance especially in different angular speeds of EX phase. In addition, although significant progress was not observed in all parameters in EG after CST, it was found that there weren’t decreases in any parameters and at least strength was maintained.