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BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anemia is most common nutritional deficiency in pregnant women due to increased iron turnover and additional requirement by fetus. Glycemic index is popularly measured by assessing glycated proteins. HbA1c is affected by several factors including pregnancy.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women and glycated protein (HbA1c).PATIENTS AND METHODS: It is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital between the duration of April 2019 to June 2019. Total of 40 normal females were taken as control group, while 42 pregnant non – diabetic iron deficient patients.RESULTS: Both groups included females of reproductive age. All parameters including hemoglobin, serum iron, serum total iron – binding capacity (TIBC), serum transferrin saturation and serum ferritin showed statistically significant between two groups (p <0.001). HbA1c also showed statically significant difference (p = 0.021).CONSLUSION: Study showed strong correlation between iron deficiency anemia and glycated proteins as it is increased as iron deficiency develops. So it may give false increase in levels in evaluation of glycemic index.

Background: Hematological derangements are among the common complications associated with HIV infection. HIV infection may affect any cell line causing, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leucopenia or may cause pancytopenia.Patients and Materials: This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from March 2020 to June 2020. Patients were diagnosed as HIV positive as per WHO criteria. Detailed medical history, physical examination, and investigations were conducted. Data was collected and analyzed on SPSS version 21.0.Results: Total 92 patients were selected for the study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A consists of 48 control patients. Group B consists of 44 HIV – positive patients. Majority of patients belonged to reproductive age group (16 – 45 years) in both groups. Male to female ratio was higher (4:1) in both groups. Common clinical features among patients were fever (85%), weight loss (73%), anemia (35%) and oral thrush (19%) in Group B.Conclusion: Hematological abnormalities were present in presence of HIV infection as compared to control group. This may has significant effect on clinical outcome of the disease. So all the HIV- positive patients should be investigated for routine hematological evaluation.

Objectives: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in broad spectrum histological subtypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to determine the relationship of EBV with clinicopathological parameters of OSCC. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 clinically diagnosed OSCC cases from the outpatient of Ziauddin University Hospital from March, 2017 to October, 2018. These were confirmed on histological examination and categorized into conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and rare variants. Conventional SCC was subcategorized into keratinizing (KSCC), non-keratinizing (NKSCC), and hybrid SCC (HSCC). EBV status was compared among various histological tumor entities and clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC using immunohistochemistry. Chi-square test was used to determine the association of each histological subtype with EBV status with P-value <0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Conventional tumor was the most frequent squamous cell carcinoma (n=126; 84%). A significant statistical link of EBV infection was observed with rare histological tumors exhibiting acantholysis (P=0.01), as well as tumors involving buccal mucosa (P=0.03), and habitual smokers (P=0.001). Conclusions: In this study, acantholytic tumor, a rare histological subtype of OSCC, tended to be EBV related. Moreover, OSCC cases bearing EBV infection were more likely smokers favoring buccal mucosa as primary anatomical site for oral cancer. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.899 How to cite this:Saleem MW, Baig FA, Hadi NI. A novel comparison of Epstein-Barr virus with broad histological spectrum of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.899 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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