We have investigated the modifications induced in high-T c superconductor Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ (Bi-2212) single crystals by irradiation with an X-ray nanobeam 250 × 250 nm 2 in size with E = 14.85 keV and a time-averaged photon flux Φ 0 = 7.53 × 10 8 ph s −1 . Crystals were mounted onto amorphous substrates with electrical contacts to allow for both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrical measurements on the same sample. Changes in the domain structure were monitored via space-resolved nano-XRD mapping, whereas electrical properties were measured off-line at different levels of irradiation dose. The results show that irradiation induces both an increase of the mosaicity spread and a localized release of the mechanical stress of the crystals. This implies a transient local change of mechanical properties that could be due to thermal fatigue or nonthermal melting. Analysis of the electrical properties of the irradiated regions indicates a strong underdoping effect by the nanobeam and an exponential increase of the normal-state resistivity with the irradiation dose, according to the average rate α = (1.48 ± 0.12) × 10 −11 Gy −1 . These results represent an important step toward the full development of the X-ray nanopatterning technique.
Objectives: To explore the correlation of anxiety levels of medical students measured before, during and after assessments with their performance in formative assessments. Methods: A repeated measures cross-sectional study was conducted at Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad with data collection at three points in time, from April-May 2020. A validated test anxiety questionnaire was used to assess anxiety. Eighty-two medical students recorded their responses on the questionnaire before, during and after three consecutive formative assessments in an integrated module. Relevant statistical tests were applied to investigate the correlation of anxiety levels at different stages with assessment scores. Results: The mean scores of anxiety measured before, during and after the three consecutive formative assessments were 29.78±7.77, 28.0±8.88 and 26.11±7.83, respectively. The difference of means of anxiety measured at different stages during assessments was statistically significant (p<0.001). The negative correlation between anxiety level and academic scores of female students was statistically significant (p=0.05). Conclusion: Fluctuation in anxiety scores at different stages of assessments affects academic performance. Identification of the effect of anxiety may help improve the academic performance of medical students. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4989 How to cite this:Shaheen A, Azam F, Rabbani MW, Kazmi N. Correlation of computer-based test anxiety with medical students’ performance before, during and after assessments. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4989 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Background: Research indicates that medical students are exposed to higher stress levels due to the extensive academic programs and intense workload. In order to control this public health issue, it is important to understand the significance and impact of stress on the personal as well as professional life of the medical school students. To compare the perceived medical school stress (PMSS) among freshman and graduate year students of medical school. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 200 medical students from three different private medical colleges at Lahore. No gender or age-related biasness was considered, subjects details including sociodemographic characteristics and PMSS scores were recorded using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 & Microsoft Excel 2017. Results: Out of the 200 students, 100 were freshman with a mean age of 19 ± 0.5 years and 100 were graduate year students with a mean age of 22.9 ± 0.8 years. There were 29.5% males while the remaining 70.5% were females. The mean difference between the two groups of students in the PMSS academic domain was-0.59 (p = 0.587) and the mean difference in the psychosocial domain was 0.54 (p = 0.788). The mean difference in the total PMSS score was 0.05 (p = 0.999). Conclusion: After careful consideration, it is concluded that the mean PMSS score among medical students does not differ much between freshman and graduate year students.
Infertility is believed very difficult and sensitive issue for wedded couples, particularly those who have passed several years of married life. Infertile married couples could experience mental distress and also suffer from impaired health-related QoL. Aims: To assess the association of infertility with quality of life among married couples. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: Present study enrolled 140 couples who were actively trying for conception for 3 years visiting Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore were included. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Informed written consent was taken from all the participants. The overall mean score of quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Statistical analysis: To check the correlation of infertility with quality of life, Spearman’s/ Pearson correlation was used. The P value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of 140 couples, mean age was 31.6±3.0 years. The mean age of female participants was 30.1 ± 2.8 and the mean age of male participants was 33.1 ± 2.4. The overall mean score of quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was 98.2 ± 11.5. The mean score of quality of life of male participants was 98.5 ± 11.5 and mean score of quality of life of female participants was 98.0 ± 11.6. Conclusion: It was concluded that quality of life of majority of the couples was not affected due to infertility. Keywords: Infertility, Quality Of Life, Physical Health, Psychological Health and Social Relationship.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.