The conventional adaptive noise control algorithms create a zone of quiet at the location of an error microphone. Several virtual active noise control (ANC) algorithms have been suggested in the literature to introduce a more flexible positioning of the zone of quiet. The main objective of the proposed ANC system in our research is to minimize the noise disturbance on human hearing by considering the auditory system characteristics. We have introduced the human perception of acoustic disturbances in our ANC modeling. This paper presents a novel approach based on a psychoacoustically enabled remote ANC algorithm to minimize the acoustic noise at a zone away from the error microphone location. This approach depends on modeling the transfer function between the error microphone and the remote zone of quiet. The developed model has been implemented using an FPGA real-time module, and the performance is validated at four different remote locations. Noise-weighting filters are incorporated to observe the psychoacoustic characteristics of the proposed model. In the experimental setup, the acoustic noise at the physical and remote locations are monitored to quantify the noise reduction characteristics of the proposed algorithm. The simulation and experimental results show a noise reduction of 15-18 dBs has been achieved, which is an average improvement of 5-8 dBs over the standard ANC model.
Electrospun nanofibers are being used in a variety of performance apparel applications where their unique properties add to their functionality. Those properties include, small fiber diameter, high surface area, potential to combine chemistry, layer thinness, high porosity, filtration properties, and low basis weight. Electrospinning has been considered as an efficient technique for nanofiber web formation. Polymers have been electrospun into nanofibers mostly after being dissolved in solvent and melted. This chapter presents a comprehensive summary of existing electrospinning methods. Electrospinning methods are classified into different categories depend upon jet formation.
Active noise control (ANC) is an effective way to cancel the low-frequency noise. The conventional ANC system creates the 'zone of quiet' by minimizing the mean square error (MSE) at the location of an error microphone. However, in practical applications, sometimes it is not possible to achieve the noise attenuation at the desired location due to physical constraints limiting locating the error microphone at certain points. Similarly, the performance of the conventional ANC system also compromises when the impression of audio sensation on human auditory does not match the numerical values of the system. It is because the human ear has complicated psychoacoustic properties. In this paper, we present a new psychoacoustically motivated ANC system for a remote location. Noise weighting filters are incorporated into remote ANC to improve the audio sensation of the residual noise. The performance of the purposed system is evaluated by computer simulation, and the perceptual loudness is selected as a performance criterion for the psychoacoustic assessment of residual noise.
The rapid growth of the industry has a major effect on the environmental noise pollution, and it ranks second to the air pollution that adversely affects the human health. Passive noise control techniques are impractical and very expensive for lowfrequency noises. To solve such acoustic problem active noise control has been studied since early 20th century. Active noise control is based on the principle of superposition: i.e., it mitigates the unwanted noise by generating an anti-noise having the same amplitude but opposite in phase. In this paper, we present the physical classification of the existing literature on the basis of both noise source and quiet zone characteristics. Examples are point to point, point to zone, zone to point and zone to zone. We focus on the developing trends of active noise control in the last decade and discuss latest add-on features and multi-channel active acoustic shielding for open windows.
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