The present research was conducted to find out the functionality and compatibility of the semester system at University level in the light of perceptions of Teachers and students with the existing specific Pakistani social norms and administrative structure. Pakistani educational institutions have been operating annual and composite systems for a long time, and these are still in operation in various universities especially for private students. The prevailing majority of teachers and administrative personnel studied under the annual system and were not formally trained to run semester system. HEC directed Universities to introduce semester system almost a decade ago. This system is quite different in its philosophy, composition and implementation strategy. Semester system gives more freedom and flexibility to the teachers in deciding teaching-leaning activities ranging from designing the curriculum to the evaluation of the performance of students. The data showed that teachers used this freedom to gain more authoritative control, take less number of lectures and manipulate their biases. The academic and administrative priorities are different, and many compromises have to be made to counter the external and internal pressures and to cover the inefficiencies of the system. Irregularities in the academic calendar are due to lack of planning, inappropriate monitoring system, political instability and strikes. However, a 73.7% of students were satisfied with the fairness of the teachers in evaluating students' performance. Almost same percentages of teachers and students showed their satisfaction with the standard and knowledge structure of the students. The findings of the research showed a strong need for revamping the system according to its natural trends and to countering the negatively affecting social and administrative norms.
The strong culture is vital in shaping the psychological and social environment based on the assumptions, principles, and values that contributes to “norms and values of the organization”. The organizational culture is the combination of some dynamic attributes that work together in determining the overall culture. This study aims at exploring the effect of organizational culture attributes on the performance of employees to examine which attribute is more effective towards employees’ performance. The data was collected through an adapted questionnaire from faculty member hailing from the southern region of KP, Pakistan. The data was analyzed through the statistical procedures to examine the research hypothesis extracted from the theoretical framework. The results from hypotheses testing show that all the attributes of organizational culture are significant in determining employees’ performance in a higher educational context. In this connection, based on the results and conclusion of the study, some recommendations have been suggested to policymakers and future researchers.
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a meticulous procedure of translating consumers’ needs and demands into appropriate solutions. The application of QFD has been expanded, leaving no definite boundary for its potential use, to almost every field of life. It helps identify not only the needs and demands of a certain matter but also helps find out the solutions of those matters along with assigning them the priorities. Primary education enjoys the fundamental role and provides the foundation for further upbringing of children with respect to their educational, social, intellectual, cultural, emotional and physical proficiencies. This research article is aimed at exploring the Voices of Parents, (VOPs) (parent’s needs and demands) regarding their children’s educational requirements at primary school level. This objective is achieved by identifying significant VOPs and then converting these into Technical Solution for better and high quality of education. With the help of QFD methodology, a real-life case study has been conducted to identify VOPS their technical solutions, then the order of these technical solutions is determined and, finally, suggestions are made about which technical solution is the most important and which one is the least. The findings provide a guide line for primary school stakeholder to identify problems and their solutions for better standard and quality of education.
Purpose: Quality Function Deployment, (QFD) is a methodology which helps to satisfy customer requirements through the selection of appropriate Technical Attributes (TAs). The rationale of this article is to provide a method lending statistical support to the selection of TAs. The purpose is to determine the statistical significance of TAs through the derivation of associated significance (P) values. Design/Methodology/Approach: We demonstrate our methodology with reference to an original QFD case study aimed at improving the educational system in high schools in Pakistan; and then with five further published case studies obtained from literature. Mean weights of TAs are determined. Considering each TA mean weight to be a Test Statistic, a weighted matrix is generated from the VOCs’ importance ratings, and ratings in the relationship matrix. Finally using R, P-values for the means of original TAs are determined from the hypothetical population of means of TAs. Findings: Each TA’s P-value evaluates its significance/insignificance in terms of distance from the grand mean. P-values indirectly set the prioritization of TAs. Implications/Originality/Value: The novel aspect of this study is extension of mean weights of TAs, to also provide P-values for TAs. TAs with significant importance can be resolved on priority basis, while other can be fixed with appropriateness.
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