This research aims to find the concept of Tazkiyat al-Nafs in the perspective of Sufism in the Jamiyyah Qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah (TQN) Rejoso Peterongan Jombang and the perspective of fiqh at the Islamic Boarding School Sunan Drajad Paciran Lamongan, to find construct of thought of social piety and the religiosity of community through the concept of Tazkiyat al-Nafs in building social piety and the religiosity of community. Using the field research approach with factual historical models and analysis contests (Unitizing, Sampling, Recording, Reducing, Inferring, Narrating), it is expected that the results of this study is able to find the concept of Tazkiyat al-Nafs from various perspectives. The results of this research interpret Tazkiyat al-Nafs as a process of developing human beings to have pure creed, wide knowledge, sacred soul, and life worthy of worship, developing human beings to have pure souls and noble with fellow human beings, developing human beings with healthy souls and free from despicable behavior endanger the soul by means of rituals of worship, surrender to the Murshid and learn the praiseworthy behavior of the scholars. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menemukan konsep Tazkiyat al-Nafs perspektif tasawuf di Jamiyyah Tarekat Qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah (TQN) Rejoso Peterongan Jombang dan perspektif fikih di Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajad Paciran Lamongan, menemukan konstruksi pemikiran tentang kesalehan sosial dan religiositas masyarakat melalui konsep Tazkiyat al-Nafs dalam membangun kesalehan sosial dan religiositas masyarakat. Dengan pendekatan field research dengan model historis faktual serta contens analysis (Unitizing, Sampling, Recording, Reducing, Inferring, Narrating) diharapkan hasil penelitian ini bisa menemukan konsep Tazkiyat al-Nafs dari berbagai perspektif. Hasil riset ini memaknai Tazkiyat al-Nafs sebagai proses pembentukan manusia yang suci akidahnya, luas ilmunya, suci jiwanya, dan kehidupannya bernilai Ibadah, membentuk manusia yang suci jiwanya dan berakhlak mulia dengan sesama manusia, membentuk manusia dengan jiwa sehat dan terbebas dari perilaku tercela yang mebahayakan jiwa dengan cara ritualritual ibadah, penyerahan diri kepada Mursyid dan belajar perilaku terpuji dari para ulama.
This paper discusses the contextualization of mustahiq zakat seen from the changes in its meanings which have expanded to riqâb, ghârim, sabîlillâh and ibn al-sabîl, while other meaning of mustaḥiq is relatively static such as faqîr, miskîn, 'âmil, mu' allaf. Practically, the concept of mustahiq zakat is contextualized by various zakat managers, one of which is Laznas (National Amil Zakat Institute) Nurul Hayat Surabaya. Mustaḥiq zakat which refers to the poor and âmil is contextualized according to the general meaning in classical and contemporary fiqh. While the mustahiq zakat of mu'allaf is contextualized to be limited to people who have converted to Islam, while the concept of mu'allaf in fiqh includes people who have not converted to Islam but have social potential and strength. The mustahiq zakat of riqâb, ghârim, sabîlillâh and ibn as-sabîl are contextualized widely beyond the meaning in fiqh generally. The contextualization of mustahiq zakat by Laznas Nurul Hayat shows that the benefit of humans (maṣâliḥ al-'ibâd) is the main consideration in zakat management, in addition to the contextualization of mustaḥiq zakat is proof that changes in situations, conditions, environment and socio-culture influence the changes in Islamic law. The conclusion in this paper uses the theory of change in Islamic law and uses a normative approach which aim to reveal the truth values in the practice of zakat in society which can be actualized in the future.
This study was designed using the type of research library research (library research). And the data collection method used is the documentation method. The primary data sources are the books of Ibn Khaldun, al-Ghazali, and the Permendiknas Book Number 16 of 2007. While the secondary sources are: other supporting books related to the concept of the teacher. Meanwhile, in analyzing the data the author uses content analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the concept of teacher perspective of Ibn Khaldun and al-Ghazali which is relevant to Permendiknas Number 16 of 2007 is that the teacher must; a) gentle and loving to students b) Mastering the material and having scientific specialization c) Teachers must always improve their quality d) Prioritizing moral education and character of children e) Sincere in teaching f) Teaching directly face to face g) Providing lessons according to ability students and not overdo it h) Mastering learning methods i) Respectful and authoritative j) Giving advice to students gently k) having noble character and can be an example for students
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