Among prevalent infectious diseases, the most frequently occurring infections are the Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) which predominantly occur in the community as well as in the hospital settings and are one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objectives: To determine the frequency of MBL E. coli species in urine samples, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the prevalence of MDR for E. coli. Methods: There were 200 urine samples obtained from Anwar clinical laboratory Saidu Sharif, District Swat, Pakistan. Samples of urine were obtained and then cultivated in selective media i.e. Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Agar (CLED) and MacConkey Agar Plates. In traditional morphological and biochemical studies, isolates were identified. Results: Total 58 (29.6%) positive isolates were recovered from male while 116 (70.3%) urine specimens were positive from female patients, A total isolated bacteria were MBL positive including 36 (31.3%) isolated E. coli, Furthermore, in the total isolated species were identified as MDR positive in which 80 (69.5%) were E. coli, The most potent antibiotics found against bacteria were the highest for Meropenum (78.2%), Imepenum (73.9%), and Amikacin (26.0%) Cefuroxime (21.7%), respectively and Cefaclor (19.1%) were most sensitive while antibiotic mostly resistant showed. Conclusion: This study concludes that, the most prominent bacterial isolate in the urine samples was E. coli 115 (69.6%), Carbapenem resistance is frequently observed isolates of E. coli, which indicate that MBL phenotype should be regularly determined in clinical settings to prevent emerging Carbapenem resistance.

Self-esteem is defined as self-value and the combination of skills and emotional states that describe how highly people respect themselves or think about themselves. Objective: To identify the correlation between self-esteem and academic performance.  Methods:  The study design was correlational descriptive, which was conducted from August 2022 to September 2022, with a sample size of 185 nursing students and a non-probability sampling technique. The self-esteem of the participants was assessed through a valid and reliable scale. Results: Among the study participants, the majority of the students were male (64.5%). In the collected data, the majority of students’ self-esteem was average (91.90%), while the academic performance of the participants was average (61.1%). The most frequent answers to the scale questions were "agree" and "strongly agree. The overall self-esteem of male participants was higher compared to female participants, while the 4th year students’ self-esteem was higher compared to other years' students. In the academic performance, the performance was best and average. The academic performance of males were higher than female participants. The findings show that there is no correlation between self-esteem and academic performance and also no correlation with selected demographic variables. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that students with higher self-esteem are more confident, have a lower stress level, and are energetic, good problem solvers. Senior students’ self-esteem has higher self-esteem compared to other class students

The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus was reported in the province of Wuhan china and spread to more than 220 countries in no time. The patient who diagnosed corona virus has symptoms of flu, fever, sore throat and respiratory tract infection. In Pakistan the cases of covid-19 were also higher (305,671) and deaths (6416) due to six biggest populations in the world. Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the psychological distress, adaptation and well-being of patients diagnosed with covid-19 in Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted from May 2021 to September 2021 having a sample size of 173 having a consecutive sampling technique in Khyber teaching hospital and Hayat Abad medical complex Peshawar. Data was collected through valid and reliable instruments that are: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (k-10), psychological adaptation scale (PSA), and The Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS) were used for data collection. Microsoft Excel and SPSS were used for analysis of mean, standard deviation, independent t-test and Pearson correlation.  Results: In this study the number of male participants was higher (56.6%) than female participants (43.4%). The k-10 means score were (34.42), PSA (80.86) and Well-being was (59). Independent t-test findings were (k-10) p-value=0.713, (PSA) p-value= 1.501 and well-being p-value (0,795). The Pearson correlation shows that psychological distress was strongly correlated with PSA (p-value=0.002), and well-being (p-value=0.001). Conclusions: The study concluded that patient were physically, psychological, and emotionally affected after covid-19, so hospitalized patients received only physical treatment regimens and the other aspects of holistic care, especially psychological care, were ignored by the healthcare professionals.

Objective: This paper aimed to identify self-transcendence and spiritual well-being among stroke patients and to determine the association between self-transcendence and spiritual well-being among stroke patients. Background: WHO estimated 86% mortality related to stroke world widely occurred in developing countries including, Pakistan. Living a meaningful life after the manifestations of stroke literally demands self-transcendence, which means the reconstruction of life or getting up again with more full potential. Materials and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study of 210 stroke patients (three months and above inclusion eligibility criteria) were taken from the four rehabilitation centers of SGTH Swat, ATH Abbottabad, LRH and HMC, Peshawar, and responses recorded with validated and reliable questionnaires. Results: The participants’ mean score on the self-transcendence scale was 43.22, and on the spiritual index of well-being mean score were 40.83, respectively. Self-transcendence and spiritual well-being with other demographical variables found statistically significant (p < 0.05) on ANOVA and Post hoc test (Games-Howell). The positive strong correlations between the self-transcendence and spiritual well-being on Pearson correlation (r) were also found statistically significant (r = 0.619, p < 0.000). Conclusion: The results of this study support the theoretical assumptions of Reed’s theory in which during the vulnerability (stroke patients in this study) self-transcendence as an independent variable and protective factor have positive correlations with the outcome and dependant variable, called spiritual well-being. The findings also suggest implications for health care professionals to develop and deliver strategies to enhance vulnerable population self-transcendence for the outcome of spiritual well-being.  Keywords: Self-transcendence, Spiritual well-being, Stroke, Care.

Spiritual wellness acknowledges our search for deeper meaning in life. Spirituality can make it easier to cope with the physical and cognitive consequences of a stroke, as well as with any other illness. Objective: To identify spiritual well-being and perspective of stroke patients and its association. Methods: A total of 420 stroke patients with Epi info sample size calculator were selected from the rehabilitation centres of the tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, Abbottabad and Swat. Responses recorded through demographic section as well as reliable and validated Likert type quantitative tools in an analytical cross-sectional study. Results: Of the 420 participants, 164 (39%) were female. The Spiritual Index of Well-being Scale (SIWB) had a mean score of 40.83 out of a possible 60 and the Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) had a mean score of 49.06 out of a possible 60. Spiritual perspectives and well-being were reported to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) with each other and with several of the demographic indices on ANOVA and post hoc tests (Games-Howell). The Pearson association between spiritual perspectives and wellbeing (r) was likewise shown to be positively highly statistically significant (r = 0.530, p < 0.000). Conclusions: The findings of the research complement and justify Reed's theory's theoretical assertions. Spiritual Perspectives and practises serve as a buffer and contribute to the growth of Spiritual Well-being. The inclusion of spiritual health as a component of holistic health during medical interventions has implications.