Background Plants containing high phenolic and flavonoids contents used widely as antioxidant agent by reducing skin photo damaging effects and play important role in skin rejuvenating. Aims This study was performed to explore the cosmetic effects of Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract and to develop stable oil in water (O/W) emulsion base gel loaded with Anacyclus Pyrethrum 10% extract. Objective To explore and quantify phenols and flavonoids present in Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract and determine its cosmetic effects on human skin. Method Emulgel formulation were developed by mixing o/w emulsion with carbopol gelling agent loaded with Anacyclus Pyrethrum (AP) extract and base gel without AP extract. In vitro study was done for the evaluation of color change, liquefaction, hardness, and pH change at different storage condition for the duration of 12 weeks. For in vivo study, emulgel applied on 13 healthy human volunteer's cheeks to evaluate its cosmetics effects and compared with placebo (base). Facial parameters including skin melanin, redness, sebum, moisture content, and skin elasticity were determined by using mexameter, sebumeter, corneometer, elastometer for the study duration of 12 weeks. Results Total phenolic content in Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract was 80.04 ± 0.0043 mg GAE/g, and flavonoids were 54.64 ± 0.0076 mg QE/g. Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract found significantly effective in reducing skin photo‐damage effects (p ≤ 0.05) as compared base gel. Conclusion Anacyclus Pyrethrum extract being rich source of flavonoid and phenolic content, acts as strong antioxidant to protect skin against photo‐damaging effect and improve skin conditions.
Ascaris Lumbricoides belongs to Nemathelminthes group and is one of the largest human nematode, which entrenches in the small intestine. Abdominopelvic Sonographic evaluation of 350 patients was done at Medical Camp in "Skardu" Baltistan, Pakistan, with features of "RAP" recurrent abdominal pain, dyspepsia, urinary retention, dysmenorrhea, biliary and renal colic etc. In 15 patients apart from other findings, linear, curved, tramline like echogenic structures were seen in the small intestine and stomach without any acoustic enhancement or shadowing. Cases with similar findings were also detected at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Findings were confirmed on barium study. According to WHO estimate 1.3 billion population is having worm infestation, Hence stressing upon the efficacy and importance of ultrasonography in diagnosis of intestinal ascariasis due to its easy availability, inexpensive and being non invasive.
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