Momordica charantia fruit (bitter gourd) has been considered an effective antidiabetic agent for many years. In any attempt to screen the alleged activity, blood glucose levels of normal and allo-xan-diabetic male albino rabbits treated orally with various doses of dried Momordica charantia friut were determined by the 0-toludine method after various time intervals. In normal rabbits, the 0.25 g/kg dose did not decrease blood glucose. How-However, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg doses produced dose dependent decreases in blood glucose levels, The maximum decrease was observed at 10 hours intervals. From the results, it could be concluded that Momordica charantia fruit possessed a significant and consistent hypoglycaemic effect in normal and alloxandiabetic rabbits. The results obtained are discussed in the light of the available literature. It is suggested that probably Momordica charantia contains more than one type of hypoglycaemic principles.
There are statistical differences between left and right kidney donor nephrectomies on recipient outcomes, but the difference is extremely small. The choice and laterality should be based on center and surgeon preference and experience.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) and flow cytometry crossmatch (FCCM) as tools for predicting antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in desensitized kidney recipients. Sera from 44 patients with DSA at the time of transplant were reviewed. Strength of DSA was determined by single antigen Luminex bead assay and expressed as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). T- and B-cell FCCM results were expressed as mean channel shift (MCS). AMR was diagnosed by C4d deposition on biopsy. Incidence of early AMR was 31%. Significant differences in the number of DSAs (p = 0.0002), cumulative median MFI in DSA class I (p = 0.0004), and total (class I + class II) DSA (p < 0.0001) were found in patients with and without AMR. No significant difference was seen in MCS of T and B FCCM (p = 0.095 and p = 0.307, respectively). The three-yr graft survival in desensitized patients with DSA having total MFI < 9500 was 100% compared to 76% with those having total MFI > 9500 (p = 0.022). Desensitized kidney transplant recipients having higher levels of class I and total DSA MFI are at high risk for AMR and poor graft survival. Recipient DSA MFI appears to be a more reliable predictor of AMR than MCS of FCCM.
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