This study explored the pre-service basic science teachers’ misconceptions using a six-tier diagnostic (STD) test. This study used a cross-sectional survey research model with respondents, namely pre-service basic science teachers (PBSTs) who are first-year students. The six-tier diagnostic test consisted of three questions about change in matter (CIM), classification of matter (COM), and separation of mixtures (SOM). Each test package consists of six questions ranging from questions at the macroscopic level, microscopic communication, level of confidence, symbolic visualization to represent microscopic conditions, and self-confidence in representing concepts. The combination of answers and decisions in six-tier diagnostic includes scientific conception (SC), almost scientific conception (ASC), lack of confidence (LC), lack of knowledge (LK), misconception (MSC), have no conception (HNC). The study showed that the conceptual mastery condition is dominated by the misconceptions (MSC) category. The condition for pre-service basic science teachers’ mastery concepts having the most scientific conception category is related to changes in matter (CIM), while the condition that shows the least scientific conception category is related to material classification (COM). The results can map the conditions of mastery of the pre-service basic science teachers’ concept so that strategies can be designed to correct the emerging misconceptions.
Further development of a pedagogic framework to teach design thinking processes needs to be designed and implemented to strengthen pre-service science teachers' entrepreneurial self-efficacy (PSTs’ ESE). This research aims to analyze the stages of the design thinking process in the eco-printing STEAM-projects, as well as to review the differences in PSTs' ESE after participating in this program. The participants are 22 PSTs consisting of 18 PSTs in the 3rd year of the program and other students in the 2nd year of the training program. Qualitative data were collected by observing, documenting the process of activities, interviews, and reflection questionnaires from the implementation of the program. Quantitative data were obtained from the entrepreneurial self-efficacy questionnaire. Interventions for PSTs include three main phases of the design thinking stage consisting (1) Understand; (2) Explore; and (3) Materialize. The existing stages not only teach the product design process, but also the design of the teamwork pattern that is formed. The ESE covers aspects, namely (1) searching, (2) planning, (3) marshaling, (4) implementing-people, and (5) implementing-financial. The change in category only occurs in the “planning” aspect. While the significance of the changes can be seen in two aspects, namely the "searching" and "planning" aspects. The PSTs have a positive response to what they do. PSTs also provide an overview of responses to entrepreneurial attitudes that have been learned during the process of strengthening programs dominated by “Collaboration” and “Time discipline” responses.
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