A trial was conducted in the farmers’ field at Farming Systems Research and Development (FSRD) site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to develop an alternate cropping pattern over existing cropping pattern for increasing cropping intensity, total productivity as well as farmers’ income. The alternate cropping pattern Lentil (var. BARI Masur-7)- Mungbean (var. BARI Mung- 6)- T. Aus rice (var. BRRI dhan48)- T.Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan62) was tested against the existing cropping pattern Lentil (var. Local)- Jute (var. JRO 524)- T.Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan33). All the four crops in the AP were grown successfully within stipulated time frame following recommended practices. Crop duration and turn around time in alternate cropping pattern were 340 days and 25 days while that in existing cropping pattern were 313 days and 52 days, respectively. Cropping intensity increased from 300% (in existing pattern) to 400% in the alternate cropping pattern. Two years results showed that, average yield of T.Aus rice, T.Aman rice, Lentil and Mungbean in the alternate cropping pattern were 3.75, 4.17, 1.31 and 0.80 t ha-1, respectively. The rice equivalent yield and production efficiency was increased by 18 and 35%, respectively over existing pattern. The gross margin of the whole alternate cropping pattern was Tk.106304 ha-1whereas Tk. 75480 ha-1from existing cropping pattern. The alternate pattern provided 41% higher gross margin over existing cropping pattern. The MBCR was 4.86 over existing cropping pattern. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(3): 537-552, September 2019
The present study aimed to assess the relationship of soil properties in salt-affected soils. The soil samples were collected from 14 districts of Pakistan. Soil salinity and sodicity are the common features of the arid and semiarid regions. The effects of the salt’s interactions with soil micronutrients have not been well studied. Therefore, saline and non-saline soil samples were collected from different locations. The microelements (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) were fractionated into water-soluble, exchangeable, carbonate, Fe + Mn oxide, organic, and residual fractions. Univariate and multivariate analysis (PCA) was carried out to determine the linear relationship between soil properties and micronutrients fractions. Results showed that the magnitude of micronutrients appeared to be affected by the salinity in soils. In saline soil, the Fe fractions differed in the order of residual > organic bound > Fe + Mn bound > carbonate bound > exchangeable > water soluble. Iron fractions varied in the non-saline soils as residual > Fe + Mn bound > organic bound > exchangeable > carbonate bound > water soluble. Copper concentration was higher in the residual and carbonate forms, and the amount was lower in the exchangeable and water-soluble forms under both saline and non-saline conditions. The water-soluble Mn fraction was lower, and the residual Mn fraction was proportionately higher than other forms of Mn in soils. Zinc was found mostly in the residual fraction in both saline and non-saline soils. The mobility factor of micronutrients in non-saline soil was greater than in saline soil. PCA revealed that organic matter (OM) and pH directly affected the fractionation of Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe in soil. Thus, it could be inferred that salts can bring changes to the composition of micronutrients depending on the nature of the soil and the magnitude of salts.
The objective of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of iodine (I) after applying different soil amendments. The effectiveness of organic and inorganic I sources on I concentration of mint was compared. Soil was amended with sawdust, rice husk, charcoal, wood ash and gypsum at the rate 10 t ha-1. Results showed that the use of soil amendment significantly enhanced mint biomass. The biomass yield among amendments was in the order of charcoal > wood ash > sawdust > rice husk > gypsum > no-amendment. Amendments also significantly increased I concentration in plants. Iodine concentrations in mint shoot were higher in wood ash and charcoal than other treatments. Iodine contents in plants were higher with inorganic iodine than organic source. Iodine concentrations in shoot were associated with soil CEC and organic matter. This study indicated that a suitable soil amendment can be used for better I bioavailability.
Wounds, burns, cuts, and scarring may cause a serious problem for human health if left untreated, and medicinal plants are identified as potentially useful for wound healing. Therefore, the study focused on ethnophytotherapy practices for wound healing from an unexplored area, Pakistan. Ethnophytotherapeutic information was collected through well-planned questionnaire and interview methods by targeting 80 informants (70 males and 10 females), in the study area. Data was analyzed through quantitative tools like use value (UV) and credibility level (CL). A total of forty wound healing plant species, belonging to twenty-nine families, were being used in forty-six recipes. Herbs constitute (35%), shrubs (30%), trees (30%), and climbers (5%) in the treatment of multiple human injuries. For remedies preparations, leaves were most frequently utilized (52%) followed by whole plant, flowers, twigs, roots, bulb, bark, rhizome, resin, oil, leaf gel, latex, gum, and creeper. The most form of herbal preparation was powder (34.7%) and poultice (32.6%), followed by decoction, bandaged and crushed, in which 40% internally and 60 % externally applied. The drugs from these plants seem to be widely used to cure wounds: Acacia modesta, Aloe barbadensis, Azadirachta indica, Ficus benghalensis, Nerium oleander, and Olea ferruginea with higher use values (0.75). Local people are still connected with ethnophytotherapies practices for curing wounds for several reasons. This ethnomedicine and the wound healing plants are under severe threats; thus conservation must be considered. Further research should be directed towards implementing pharmacological activity on these invaluable botanical drugs.
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