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The PI3K/Akt pathway is activated in response to various microenvironmental stimuli that regulate the survival and proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B-cells, including triggering of the B-cell receptor (BCR). Although this pathway is frequently targeted in cancer, no significant alterations have yet been identified in CLL. We now show that the phosphatase PH domain leucin-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP1), a recently identified tumor suppressor and negative regulator of the Akt kinase, is absent or expressed at substantially reduced levels in CLL B-cells. To determine what the consequences of PHLPP1 loss on BCR signaling are, we downregulated or re-expressed PHLPP1 in lymphoma cell lines and primary CLL B-cells, respectively. Downregulation of PHLPP1 increased BCR-induced phosphorylation and activation of the Akt, GSK3 and ERK kinases, whereas re-expression had the opposite effect. Importantly, re-expression of PHLPP1 in primary CLL cells prevented upregulation of Mcl-1 and inhibited the increase in leukemic cell viability induced by sustained BCR engagement. Enforced expression of PHLPP1 also affected the response to other microenvironmental stimuli, particularly in terms of ERK phosphorylation. Collectively, these data show that CLL cells lack an important negative regulator of the Akt and ERK pathways, which could confer them a growth advantage by facilitating the propagation of crucial microenvironment-derived stimuli.

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During past few years, data is growing exponentially attracting researchers to work o a popular term, the Big Data. Big Data is observed in various fields, such as information technology, telecommunication, theoretical computing, mathematics, data mining and data warehousing. Data science is frequently referred with Big Data as it uses methods to scale down the Big Data. Currently more than 3.2 billion of the world population is connected to internet out of which 46% are connected via smart phones. Over 5.5 billion people are using cell phones. As technology is rapidly shifting from ordinary cell phones towards smart phones, therefore proportion of using internet is also growing. There is a forecast that by 2020 around 7 billion people at the globe will be using internet out of which 52% will be using their smart phones to connect. In year 2050 that figure will be touching 95% of world population. Every device connect to internet generates data. As majority of the devices are using smart phones to generate this data by using applications such as Instagram, WhatsApp, Apple, Google, Google+, Twitter, Flickr etc., therefore this huge amount of data is becoming a big threat for telecom sector. This paper is giving a comparison of amount of Big Data generated by telecom industry. Based on the collected data we use forecasting tools to predict the amount of Big Data will be generated in future and also identify threats that telecom industry will be facing from that huge amount of Big Data.

Picking up public cloud service providers is now becoming a harder task in an enterprise organization. This paper will help in reducing more hesitation to choose a public cloud service provider. This paper is highlighting computation, storage, and infrastructure is important to service features that have an impact when choosing cloud service providers. Compare these three (AWS, Microsoft Azure, GCP) CSPs concerning service, price, advantages, and highlight significant service features. Studies discuss the primary reason to choose a CSP that normally enhance features, familiarity with the brand, suitable for organization and security parameters considered when choosing CSP. Amazon Web Services proved its leadership by maintaining about 33% share in the market throughout for several quarters irrespective of the market size increased by a factor of 3. Microsoft has shown prominent performance in SaaS. Since 2008, after introducing PaaS in the form of Google App Engine, Google is continuously enhancing its cloud computing services of Google Cloud Platform.