Community Service Program aim to find and make efforts that can optimize the role of the community in village development based on community empowerment. Sumberagung Village has a lot of potentials that can be developed, but due to lack of community knowledge, the existing potential cannot be developed properly. Examples are the use of rambutan fruit and the development of a marketing system for MSMEs. Based on this, the UNS Thematic KKN Group 74 took the initiative to hold training on the processing of rambutan seed chips and assistance in digitizing MSMEs. The activity was carried out using a mentoring and socialization approach by presenting material by speakers, asking questions, and discussing how to digitize the marketing system for MSMEs, which was then followed by training on the processing of rambutan seed chips which was attended by 17 participants. The result of this activity is to increase the knowledge of the people of Sumberagung Village in the field of digital marketing of business results and increase their skills in utilizing the potential around them.
<p>Ketersediaan bahan bakar sebagai energi semakin menurun, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu energi alternatif dalam upaya menunjang ketersediaan energi, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan proses pirolisis biomassa. Proses katalitik pirolisis biomassa menjadi pilihan baru karena dapat menurunkan input energi, konsumsi waktu serta meningkatkan kualitas produksi <em>syngas</em> dibandingkan dengan non-katalitik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan analisa karakteristik termal dan analisis <em>yield</em> <em>syngas</em> dalam penambahan <em>fly ash</em> sebagai katalis dalam proses pirolisis sekam padi. Penggunaan <em>fly ash</em> sebagai katalis menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam pemakaian katalis murah. Sampel biomassa sekam padi dihaluskan terlebih dahulu lalu dilakukan penyaringan hingga ukuran -140+200 mesh (0,074 – 0,105 mm). <em>Fly ash</em> yang merupakan limbah hasil pembakaran batubara diperoleh dari industri pembangkit listrik juga disaring dengan ukuran yang sama. Kemudian <em>fly ash</em> dan sekam padi dicampurkan untuk dibentuk pelet dengan variasi sampel penambahan <em>fly ash</em> 5% (FARH5), 10% (FARH10), 20% (FARH20) dari massa sekam padi. Pelet yang dihasilkan berukuran diameter 5 mm dan panjang 13 ‒ 15 mm. Proses pirolisis dilakukan dalam laju pemanasan 10 °Cmin<sup>-1</sup> hingga mencapai suhu 600 °C menggunakan alat makro-TGA dengan gas nitrogen sebagai gas pembawa. Hasil <em>syngas</em> dari proses pirolisis ditampung dalam <em>gas bag</em> untuk dianalisis menggunakan GC. Pengolahan data hasil pirolisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik termal melalui metode DTG (<em>Differential Thermogravimetric</em>)<em>. </em>Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa penambahan katalis <em>fly ash </em>optimal pada variabel FARH20 dapat meningkatkan laju konversi maksimum 0,00893 K<sup>-1</sup> pada suhu operasi reaksi yang lebih rendah 567,11 K dan peningkatan <em>yield</em> <em>syngas</em> pada variabel FARH10 sebesar 47,04%.</p><p><strong>The Effect of Fly Ash as a Catalyst on Pyrolysis Process of Rice Husk Pellets on Thermal Characteristics and Synthetic Gas (Syngas) Production. </strong>Utilization of the biomass pyrolysis process is one of the efforts to support alternative energy development to overcome the current declining availability of fuel. The catalytic pyrolysis of biomass is a new strategy to reduce energy input and time consumption, and improve syngas quality compared to non-catalytic. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fly ash as a catalyst in the process of rice husk pyrolysis as a low-cost catalyst for thermal properties and syngas yield. The rice husk biomass sample was milled and sieved to -140+200 mesh (0,074 – 0,105 mm). Fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion obtained from the power generation industry, was sieved to the same size as well. The fly ash and rice husks were then combined to form pellets, with variations of 5% (FARH5), 10% (FARH10), and 20% (FARH20) fly ash provided to the mass of rice husks. The formed pellets have a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 1315 mm. Using a macro-TGA device and nitrogen gas as the carrier gas, the pyrolysis process was carried out at a heating rate of 10 °Cmin<sup>-1</sup> to a temperature of 600 °C. The syngas was placed in a gas bag for further examination using gas chromatography (GC). Pyrolysis data was processed to determine thermal properties using the DTG (Differential Thermogravimetric) method. The addition of an optimal fly ash catalyst in the FARH20 increased the maximum conversion rate to 0.00893 K<sup>-1</sup> at a lower reaction operating temperature of 567.11 K and increased the syngas yield by 47.04% on the FARH10.</p>
There are so many ways to lose weight, such as consuming fat burner supplements to burn fat faster. A fat burner supplement consists of various ingredients, such as caffeine. Fat burner supplements are usually not registered in BPOM RI. This study aims to evaluate caffeine in fat burner supplements qualitatively and quantitatively. These supplements were analyzed in the pharmaceutical laboratory in Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)-Densitometry and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Sample preparation was conducted by separating caffeine from supplements by a separatory funnel with chloroform as an organic solvent. Qualitative analysis was carried out by TLC and analyzing the standard spectrum, and the sampling technique was carried out with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The first quantitative analysis used densitometry by measuring the spot on the TLC plate. Meanwhile, the second quantitative analysis used UV-Vis Spectrophotometer by observing absorbency value on samples with λ 273.5 nm. The result of the qualitative test using TLC was analyzed by comparing the Rf value of the standard and the sample. The Rf value of caffeine standard was 0.63, and every sample showed similar value with caffeine standard, indicating that all samples contain caffeine. The result of the quantitative test with TLC -Densitometry method revealed 1 st sample 5.68 mg/ml, 2 nd sample 5.74 mg/ml, 3 rd sample 3.43 mg/ml, 4 th sample 8.90 mg/ml, and 5 th sample 1.88 mg/ml. The qualitative test result was analyzed using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer method, and all of the caffeine standard spectra can be read at wavelength 273.5 nm, which means all samples contain caffeine. The second quantitative test result analyzed by using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer method showed 1 st sample 3.22 mg/g, 2 nd sample 4.56 mg/g, 3 rd sample 2.23 mg/g, 4 th sample 11.22 mg/g, and 5 th sample 0.26 mg/g. It can be concluded that all samples (fat burners) contained caffeine.
ABSTRAKBangunan Gedung Rumah Susun BBPJN XI/PJN I Kalimantan terdiri dari 9 lantai dengan material beton bertulang. Penelitian bertujuan menerapkan Building Information Modeling (BIM) dalam analisis struktur atas dan estimasi volume pekerjaan pada gedung bertingkat, karena memiliki fitur-fitur yang dapat diandalkan untuk perencanaan dan meminimalisir kesalahan dalam estimasi volume pekerjaan. Penelitian memanfaatkan Tekla Structural Designer dan Tekla Structures, yaitu perangkat lunak BIM yang terkemuka dalam industri konstruksi, sebagai alat untuk memodelkan struktur gedung bertingkat secara detail. Dalam metode ini, analisis struktural dilakukan untuk memastikan kekuatan dan kestabilan struktur menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan acuan desain SNI 1727-2020 dan SNI 2847-2019. Fitur Tekla Structures, seperti organizer digunakan untuk menghitung volume pekerjaan yang dibutuhkan untuk masing-masing komponen struktural. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan kombinasi pembebanan didapat nilai gaya aksial terbesar terdapat pada kolom K58 (Kode C24-1) sebesar 4910,6 kN, kemudian untuk gaya momen terbesar ada pada balok B57 (Kode 9B6) sebesar 291,8 kNm, dan untuk nilai gaya geser terbesar terdapat balok B46 (Kode 9B6-3) sebesar -237,9/225,1kN. Pekerjaan struktural kolom dan balok seluruhnya aman. Adapun hasil estimasi volume pekerjaan pada beton serta besi kolom berturut-turut sebesar 517,8 m3 dan 260.281 Kg, selanjutnya, untuk volume pekerjaan beton serta besi balok berturut-turut sebesar 290,7 m3 dan 90.720 Kg.
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