The paper attempts to overview the ideology and the class division amongst factions in the novel. The ideology of the five factions in the future city of Chicago is embedded with self traits which dictates that everyone must fit into one dominant trait. The classification by traits or personalities makes clear provision that society will run as it is expected by the leader of the faction. The Divergent of Veronica Roth postulates the depiction of the utopia society that turns Dystopia by the insurgent led by Tris a character that possesses all the qualities and traits of the faction. The culture and the ideology of bourgeois and slave’s society prevail vividly in the novel which is indicated by the ruling faction, Erudite as the bourgeois while the subjugated faction, Abnegation as the slave society. This paper utilizes the descriptive approach to meticulously break down the events by selecting and highlighting the occurrences in the novel as the way of obtaining the data. The theory of ideology by Raymond Williams (1977) was used in this paper to expose the core or base of cultural ideology amongst the classes. The paper finds out that the every faction has its own ideologies even though they were rooted from the same founding fathers.
Indonesian has always been ignored as a source of Noun Incorporation. This happens because of the agglutinative nature of Indonesian. This means that many words in Indonesian are formed by combining several morphemes. Even so, it is possible that in fact a lot of Noun Incorporation (IN) processes occur in Indonesian. This research uses Mithun and Rosen's approach in searching for Incorporation of Nouns in Indonesian. The results of this study reveal that the incorporation of nouns in Indonesian even though they are not productive, still occurs at level I and II. The incorporation of nouns of Mithun's ideas and also surprisingly (needs further investigation) occurs in two types of Rosen's ideas, namely Compounding Nominal Incorporation and Nominal Incorporation. Classifier. This research also reveals that many incorporation of nouns in Indonesian are idiomatic and according to (Mithun, 1986) this is common in several languages.
American literature shapes its narrative, form and ideology by the streams of historical events, political turmoil, land acquisition and conquest, civil wars and slavery. These very pivotal elements pertain to every theory or any literary criticisms that develop through time. Literature itself is timeless and universal but the birth of every literary criticism rejuvenates the perspective of preceding literary form itself. Utopia literature exposes the so called imagined perfect society where every realm of life is flawless. Utopia is just a notion of social depiction where high expectation is exercised and dreamt for. It is expressed as social critic at the same time where society at the time the utopia literature written is deteriorating or even crumbled. Dystopia, the derivative of Utopia sees it the other way around, it gives a reverse psychology consequence where everything is controlled and perfect would never be achieved. Dystopia criticizes Utopia for dreaming the dream of perfect society which the salient feature of dystopia against it. Dystopia gives us a clear understanding that our world in the future could be returned to the tyranny where the power of a nation relies on an evil leader. Dystopia seems relevant at the present even though it depicts the future society. Therefore, American literature embraces utopia and dystopia as American’s effigy of today’s life. The objective of this study is to trace, codify and comprehend the development of american’s utopia and dystopia literature through some works that have been written to present us a tangible map of the utopia and dystopia streams of literature.
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