There are only 22 pharmaceutical companies out of 151 in Bangladesh producing quality product maintaining the cGMP, where mor e than 40 companies manufacturing Losartan Potassium 50 mg tablets. So, the clinicians and pharmacists are facing difficulty to choose a suitable brand or alternative use. The aim of the present study was to predict the bioequivalence of four top ranked brands of Losartan Potassium tablets marketed in Bangladesh using In Vitro tests. The In Vitro dissolution study was carried out with the five brands of 50 mg Losartan Potassium tablets according to FDA dissolution method. The process was done for 12 tablets of each brand; using 900 ml of pH 1.2 0.1 N HCl, pH 4.5 Acetate Buffer, pH 6.8 Phosphate Buffer and water separately as dissolution media; 50 rpm as rotation speed; 37°C ± 0.5°C as media temperature; 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 and 60minutes as sample collection time points. The results were carried out by interpreting data on the equations of Dissolutio n Efficiency (DE), Difference Factor (f1), Similarity Factor (f2). There were significant differences in the dissolution profiles of the five brands specially when considered according to different media. In pH 1.2 0.1 N HCl all brands showed poor drug release but most were close to innovator brand, but in pH 4.5 Acetate Buffer was unlike due to decrease of ionic strength by media, which affect preferably to innovator brand. pH 6.8 Phosphate Bu ffer and water gave best results for drug release of most of the brands and proved reliable to claim RRR, SSS and NNN as bioequivalent and interchangeable with each other as well as with the innovator brand. The BBB showed poor dissolution profile, which will likely result in poor bioavailability. The results show the need for constant monitoring of new brands of Losartan Potassium introduced into the drug market to ascertain bioequivalence and conformity with pharmacopoeia standards.
Consumption of takeaway and fast food by young adolescents is no longer confined to the developed countries; it has spread to the developing countries as well. The culture of fast food consumption has replaced the traditional meal among university students and is a great public health concern. Excessive consumption of fast food is responsible for obesity epidemics and the cause of a dramatic increase of obesity-related diseases. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March to December, 2015 among students attending in five
Aims: The present study was planned to assess the sedative and anxiolytic efficacy of Amaranthaus tricolor L methanolic extract in vivo. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, between January 2018 and August 2018. Methodology: In this experiment, the crude extract of Amaranthus tricolor L. was evaluated for its CNS depressant effect using rodent behavioral models, such as open field, hole cross and rota rod tests for its sedative properties and an elevated plus maze test for its anxiolytic potential, respectively. Results: In sedative assay, a dose-dependent and statistically significant (p<0.05) suppression of locomotors activity of the mice in both open field and hole cross test was exhibited by theextract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The extract also displayed increased percentage of entry into open arms at both doses in anxiolytic potential study. At a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight significant anxiolytic activity (p<0.05) was found compared to the standard diazepam. Conclusion: The pivotal CNS depressant and anxiolytic activity of the methanolic extract of Amaranthus tricolor L leaves was discovered in this experiment. Further research on the extract's biologically active phytochemicals may provide access to therapeutic intervention.
Cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease (IHD), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the very elderly patients worldwide. These patients represent a rapidly growing cohort presenting for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), now constituting more than one in five patients treated with PCI in real-world practice. From July 2020 we included 152 patients with IHD purposively in Cardiology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib
The primary aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the role of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure and its correlation with echocardiography. Hospital based observational and analytical study undertaken on a total of 65 patients of diastolic heart failure fulfilling clinical inclusion criteria. The enrolled patients had a mean age of 54.5 years with a female preponderance (33 females vs. 32 males). Patients underwent clinical evaluation and echocardiography examination. NT-proBNP estimation was done using autoanalyzer working on principle of electrochemiluminisense. Patients were divided into various grades of diastolic dysfunction on the basis of echocardiography. Statistical analysis was done to find the significance of levels of NT-proBNP and its correlation with the grading of diastolic heart failure. There was a statistically significant higher level of serum NT-proBNP in patients with diastolic heart failure and the increasing levels were directly proportional to severity of diastolic dysfunction. The mean level of NTproBNP increased from 361.08 pg/ml to 3570 pg/ml in increasing severity of diastolic dysfunction. Results suggested positive correlation of rising NT-proBNP levels with increasing severity of diastolic dysfunction.
Introduction: There is a wide consensus that the COVID-19 pandemic not only affects physical health, but also mental health and well-being. It can lead to heightened levels of distress and cause anxiety, fear, denial or depressive symptoms among the military personnel. Objective: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on mental health among the confirmed cases of Armed Forces Personnel of Sylhet and Jalalabad Cantonment. Methods: A total of 180 participants were selected using convenience sampling. The mental health was assessed by a 22 items Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) adopted from Horowitz 1979. The scale comprised of 3 subscales of intrusion, avoidance and hyper-arousal which represents major symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Stress for job, financial issue, home and feeling horrified or helpless due to the COVID-19 were also assessed. Results: This study revealed that 47.7% were experiencing moderate distress whereas 30.1% were experiencing high to severe post-COVID stress. Mean stress was observed as 41.5 ± 19.0. Mean Intrusion (34.9 ± 22.9) and Hyper-arousal (27.8 ± 23.5) depicted mild to moderate but Avoidance (58.5 ± 20.9) revealed a higher level of stress. A majority were not at all stressed for their job (56.7%) or financial issue (49.4%). But stress for family (28.4%), feeling horrified (35.6%) and helpless (36.6%) were quite high. Conclusion: The study observed a moderate to high prevalence of mental health symptoms among the COVID affected personnel which was considered to be significant and demands appropriate intervention. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 17, No 2 (December) 2021: 7-11
Background: Now a day, type-2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are considered to be the first and second leading causes of all deaths and morbidities respectively. Increasing age, trend of obesity and worsening renal function increasing the prevalence of hypertension in people with type-2 diabetes mellitus. We have very few research-based information regarding these issues. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Endocrinology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka Bangladesh from January to December 2021. In total 142 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus attended to the mentioned hospital with proper documents were finalized as the study people. Besides data regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus, data of blood pressure and macro-vascular as well as micro-vascular complications were collected. A predesigned questioner was applied to collect patient data. All data were processed, analyzed and disseminated by MS Office and SPSS version 20. Results: In this study, among total participants in analyzing the prevalence of hypertension we observed out of 142 patients with T2DM only 45 were with hypertension which was 32%. In analyzing the stages of hypertension among total participants we found, 23.39% were with normal and 35.92% pre-hypertension (In total 68.31%). On the other hand, among 32% hypertensive participants, 19.72% (n=28) were with stage I HTN whereas 11.97% (n=17) were with stage II HTN. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of hypertension among type 2 diabetes patients was found some higher than that in normal. But if we consider the number of pre-hypertensive patients as a potential concern, then it is alarming. The findings of this study may be helpful in the treatment arena of diabetes and in similar further studies.
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