Purpose
This study aims to find out how corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives are perceived by pharmacists and how it influences employees’ organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and role of perceived supervisor support in the study.
Design/methodology/approach
Pharmacists of different hierarchical levels from five multinational pharmaceutical industries in Pakistan were selected as study samples. Data were collected from 136 pharmacists working in Punjab Region. PLS-SEM was used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results from this study found that CSR was a predictor of affective organizational commitment (AOC) and OCB. AOC fully mediates the relationship between CSR and OCB. While perceived supervisory support did not moderate the relationship between AOC and OCB. Pharmaceutical firms can promote commitment toward organization and OCBs by initiating CSR activities.
Research limitations/implications
This research is one of the innovative studies that empirically examine the predicting role of CSR and moderating role of perceived supervisory support on employees’ attitude and behaviors in the pharmaceutical companies’ context. Moreover, this research will also help the management by adopting CSR activities as core element in shaping employees attitudes and behaviors.
Originality/value
It is a significant study shifting the focus of research into organizational behavior context and further influences employee’s attitudes and behavior because of perceived CSR in the pharmacy industry.
The issue of woman’s and non-Muslim’s leadership seems to be unrest debate in the Islamic world. In Indonesia, the Islamic liberal groups or the modernists will usually accept woman or non-Muslim for being leader of the Muslims community, while the Muslim traditionalists and radical groups will usually show their firm rejection. This study seeks to elaborate the thought of the three Muslim scholars in the Eastern Sumatera, i.e. Abdul Halim Hasan, Zainal Arifin Abbas, and Abdur Rahim Haitami about the leadership of woman and non-Muslim. The article will put the position of thought of these scholars among the discourse of the issue. Employing content analytical method, the study finds that the three scholars reject woman and non-Muslim for being leader, especially state leader, of the Muslims community. They argue that leadership is a privilege honored to man, not to woman. They also assert that principle foundation of the sharī’a forbids the Muslims from designating non-Muslim as their leader, except within emergency condition. Although these three Muslim scholars have been mostly influenced by modern thought, they seem to hardly accept woman’s and non-Muslim’s leadership. The ideas they propose will, therefore, contradict to the ideas hold by the liberal Muslim groups or other proponents of democracy.
In this paper, the author explores the law of fiduciary security. Fiduciary guarantees have been used in Indonesia since the Dutch colonial era as a form of guarantee born of jurisprudence. This form of guarantee is widely used in lending and borrowing transactions because the loading process is considered simple, easy, and fast, but it does not guarantee legal certainty. Before the Fiduciary Guarantee Act, in general, Fiduciary guarantees were regulated in Oogstverband (Staatsblad 1886 Number 57) and jurisprudence based on the Hooggerechtsh of (HGH) decision dated August 18, 1932. In 1999 the Fiduciary Guarantee Law was born (UU No. 42/ 1999). The research method used in this paper is a juridical-normative research method with a conceptual approach and a statutory approach.Keywords: Fiduciary; Security; Guarantee.
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