Micronutrients support immune functions and are essential for optimized health and production of animals. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin E and vitamin C, alone or in combinations, on growth and antioxidant capacity of neonate dairy calves. For this purpose, eighteen female Holstein Friesian calves were selected. Experimental treatments were; T0 or control (milk without vitamin supplementation), T1 (milk supplemented with 250mg of vitamin E), T2 (milk supplemented with 500mg of vitamin E), T3 (milk supplemented with 1000mg of vitamin C), T4 (milk supplemented with 250mg of vitamin E and 1000mg of vitamin C) and T5 (milk supplemented with 500mg of vitamin E and 1000mg of vitamin C). Experimental treatments were started from the third day till 60th days of calf’s life. Blood was collected in clot-activator tubes for TAC at day 01, 30 and 60. Body measurements were noted during 1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th week of this trial. Results showed that the TAC was significantly high in T1 group during first month. At the end of the trial (day 60), TAC were highest in T0 and T1comparetively. The wither height, heart girth and body length were significant in supplemented groups compared to control. In conclusion, it is asserted that the supplementation of vitamin E and vitamin C have beneficial effect on growth and antioxidant capacity of neonate calves.
Malaria is one of the major health problem caused by a vector borne disease of the genus, plasmodium. This parasite is transmitted through bite of female mosquito, Anopheles called malarial vector. The present work was conducted during 1 st August 2017 to 31 st July 2018 to examine the frequency rate of malarial infection in school going children of Quetta (city) A total no. of 2213 blood slides were prepared (thin & thick) from 33 different schools of Quetta (city) visited twice in each month out of 2213/433 are positive for the malaria infection. The overall positivity rate was (19.5%). However P. vivax was found to be the most common specie with the highest frequency rate (84.52%) as compared with that of P. falciparum (6.01%) and mixed infection was also seen in the present study (12.29%). The variations were found in different age groups. The higher frequency rate of P.vivax (90.8%) in the age group of 11-16 years and lowest was found (81.4%) in the age group of 3-5 years.
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