Objective: To determine the frequency of erectile dysfunction among the patients of hypertension and analyze the associated socio demographic factors. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Aug to Oct 2018. Methodology: Two hundred and five married male patients of hypertension diagnosed for more than one year by a consultant medical specialist were included in the study by non-probability consecutive sampling. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was assessed by using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). Socio-demographic factors in the study included age, education, smoking, poly-pharmacy and duration of illness. Results: Out of 205 patients of hypertension, 95 (46.3%) patients had no ED, 57 (27.8%) patients had mild, 17 (8.3%) patients had moderate and 12 (5.2%) patients had severe ED. Mean age of the study participants was 39.94 ± 4.14 years. Mean duration of hypertension among the patients in this study was 6.24 ± 2.78 years. Increasing age, tobacco smoking, poly-pharmacy and long duration of illness had statistically significant association with ED (p-value <0.05) while education was not found significantly associated in our study. Conclusion: There was a high frequency of erectile dysfunction among the patients suffering from hypertension. Special attention should be paid on individuals with advancing age and long duration of illness. Tobacco smoking should be discouraged and poly-pharmacy if, possible should be avoided among the patients suffering from hypertension and ED.
Objective: To determine the frequency of iron deficiency anaemia among young female migraine patients and look for the factors related to the presence of anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: One hundred and thirty young female patients with migraine presenting at our hospital were enrolled in this study. Diagnosis of Migraine was established by the consultant neuro physician based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders diagnostic criteria for migraine. Iron deficiency anaemia was diagnosed based on haemoglobin and ferritin levels. Various social and demographic factors were studied in this study, along with iron deficiency anaemia among the young females suffering from migraine. Results: Out of 130 young female patients with migraine, 69 (53.1%) showed the presence of iron deficiency anaemia, while 61 (46.9%) had no anaemia. Upon statistical analysis, it was revealed that menstrual abnormalities had a statistically significant association with the presence of iron deficiency anaemia among the young female patients with migraine. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anaemia was the common finding among young female patients with migraine in Pakistan. Menstrual abnormalities among these young female migraine patients were related to the presence of iron deficiency anaemia. A detailed history of menstrual abnormalities and anaemia screening among migraine patients may be helpful for early diagnosis and intervention.
Objective: To explore the relationship between ethnicity and demographic factors with the time taken by patients to get negative on PCR for COVID-19. Study Design: Prospective Comparative Study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Malir Pakistan, from Mar to May 2020. Methodology: All patients who tested positive for COVID-19 with less than one week of exposure time and were admitted to the COVID-19 ward of Combined Military Hospital, Malir without any complications were included in the study. They were tested after every seven days with PCR. Time taken to get two consecutive negative tests were noted for each patient. Results: Out of 84 patients included in the study, 12(14.3%) tested negative on the 7th day, 34(40.4%) on the 14th day and 38(45.3%) tested negative after 14 days. 17(20.2%) were Sindhi, 13(15.5%) were Muhajir, 19(22.6%) were Punjabi, 25(29.7%) were Pathan, and 10(11.9%) were Kashmiris. Chi-square revealed that ethnicity and advancing age have a statistically significant relationship (p-value<0.05) with the time taken by patients to get negative on PCR for COVID-19. Conclusion: Ethnicity emerged as a significant factor in getting negative for COVID-19. Punjabis and Kashmiris required a shorter period to get negative than Sindhis and Pathans. Older age emerged as a factor requiring a longer period to get negative.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.