The primary concern of this paper is to find out the use of the first language among English language learners belonging to diverse cultures and linguistic backgrounds. The studies conducted in the past have shown serious concern about shuttling between multiple languages, known as, Translanguaging; others have found it highly beneficial. Therefore, the primary aim is to explore the strategies adopted via translanguaging practices of learners with multiple literacies, using translanguaging in the university classroom as a valuable strategy. A qualitative research paradigm has guided the study,based on the theoretical framework of Creese and Blackledge's (2010) language ecology approach which exhibits the interdependence of existing linguistic knowledge acquired across languages. Sixty undergraduate students, both male and female, participated in this study selected purposively. Two data collections, i.e. Classroom observations and Focused Group Discussions were utilised. The findings revealed that translanguaging accommodates the learners in achieving communicative proficiency and makes learning effective.
Based on 60 articles, news reports, and broadcast shows covering the first 16 months of Hina Rabbani Khar’s office, this study extensively explores the media portrayals of the first Pakistani woman foreign minister. Analysis shows that Khar’s position as a female politician is stereotyped to a greater extent compared to her accomplishments as foreign minister. While upholding the already deep-rooted gender stereotypes, the media sell their news the way they want and maintain gender polarities. The media’s approach needs to change for acknowledging rising woman politicians’ position equal to men in politics and thus, work for confirming equitable media portrayals.
This paper aims to examine the notions of politeness in the context of the most repeated strategies of request that the Pakistani undergraduate English language learners (ELLs) articulate in multilingual classrooms. Guided by the qualitative research design, sixty ELLs comprising two different ethnic groups (Siraiki-speaking and Pashto-speaking) served as the participants. Selected through purposive sampling from a university in Pakistan, the data are collected through discourse completion tasks, role plays, and focus group discussion. Analyzed according to the taxonomy of cross-cultural speech acts realization patterns for requests, the findings of the study reveal that Pakistani ELLs used conventionally indirect requests commonly than supplementary strategies, which were executed through certain traits of politeness. To furnish ELLs with pragmatic competence, this study suggests a few key strategies needed for both in terms of pedagogical practice in Pakistani multilingual classrooms.
Facebook/ Metaverse is a world-leading social networking platform that is equally popular in the world that is equally popular globally Due to the diversity of its users, Facebook is dedicated to improving its Machine Translation (MT) to refine the communication process and remove linguistic hurdles for efficient communication. Recently, Metaverse has started Neural Machine Translation (NMT) for the improvement of translation. NMT uses artificial neural networks to predict a more appropriate word choice and sequence. This research investigates the efficiency of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) in translating text from Urdu to the English language. The Oxford Urdu English Dictionary and FARHANG E AASFIA dictionaries have been used as validation parameters in translation. The semantic and syntactic errors have been segregated and categorized with Antoine Berman’s Twelve Deforming Tendencies for rectification. Major findings reveal that the most frequent errors result from transliteration that damages the semantic and syntactic structure of the text.
This quantitative research was conducted in the district of Punjab, Pakistan. Teachers’ feedback on 260 secondary students’ note book of English subject was evaluated through an observational sheet. The observational sheet was designed by researchers to evaluate the teachers’ feedback and categorize it. Main categories were prompt and delayed feedback, positive and negative feedback. Also, classification was done to identify evaluative, improvement, descriptive, and descriptive feedback. Study aims to measure relationship of feedback types with students score in examination in the subject of English. Strong and positive correlation was found amid the prompt positive feedback and students’ achievement score. The results provide significant information that are used for making decisions about interrelationships in research issues and reaching conclusion. The results are significant and help in extracting the recommendations to stakeholders and future researchers about research issues. It is recommended to organize training and guidance sessions for the teachers for creating awareness to use the effective feedback techniques in the classroom.
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