This article is intended to explore the use of the Family Welfare Guidance Programme (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, PKK) in the Municipality of Batu by one candidate as a means of mobilising political support during the 2017 municipal election. Within the current democratic climate, it is interesting to examine how the PKK, as a state corporate organisation that should ideally remain politically neutral, can be exploited to mobilise political support. The main argument of this article is that several factors, including deep-rooted hierarchies, top-down instruction, and clientelism enabled the PKK to be exploited by the incumbent in her mobilisation of political support. To sidestep the principle of neutrality and support the incumbent, PKK cadres used various means during the municipal election. The data for this article was collected using the qualitative approach, with in-depth interviews and participatory observation over the course of the Batu municipal election (January–February 2017).
The presence of the #MeToo movement is an early sign of a social movement through social networks in voicing injustice over sexual cases that occur in the workplace in the United States. This reseach aims to explain the strategy of the digital campaign of the #MeToo movement as a movement to fight for the rights of victims of sexual cases by using qualitative research methods with the concept of Online Social Movement and Digital Activism. The results of this study indicate that the sustainability of the digital campaign of the #MeToo movement uses a strategy from digital activism which includes accessibility, namely the #MeToo movement chooses a modern campaign method by using social media such as twitter, instagram, facebook, and myspace. Then look at the popularity, namely by using the hashtag #MeToo as a frame of movement that is easy to share on social media. Finally, the ecosystem, the outbreak of the #MeToo movement has received positive responses from victims and the community thus driving a number of transformations.
Thailand is a country known for its political instability. As such, Thai students are arguably one of the most influential groups in Thai politics. Since the Siamese Revolution of 1932, Thailand has faced 19 coups and 20 constitutional changes. The country is caught in a vicious cycle of coups and revolutions, with its political institutions facing reform from a wave of democratization and military takeovers. By using qualitative methods and using the Social Movement concept, this article discusses the pattern of the Thai Protest 2020 movement which is a social movement by students, activists, and students in Thailand who demand monarchical reform and resistance to military domination. The results show that Thai Protest 2020 has not succeeded in bringing about change in Thailand due to the lack of strategy and tactics due to the absence of a clear bureaucratic system during the movement.Keywords: Thai Protest 2020, Social movements, monarchy, ThailandABSTRAKThailand merupakan negara yang terkenal dengan ketidakstabilan politiknya. Oleh karenanya, mahasiswa Thailand dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu kelompok paling berpengaruh dalam politik Thailand. Sejak Revolusi Siam 1932, Thailand telah menghadapi 19 kudeta dan 20 perubahan konstitusi. Negara ini terjebak dalam lingkaran setan kudeta dan revolusi dengan institusi politiknya menghadapi reformasi dari gelombang demokratisasi dan pengambilalihan militer. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan menggunakan konseptualisasi gerakan sosial, penelitian ini membahas mengenai pola gerakan Thai Protest 2020 yang merupakan gerakan sosial oleh mahasiswa, aktivis, hingga pelajar di Thailand yang menuntut reformasi monarki dan perlawanan terhadap dominasi militer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Thai Protest 2020 belum berhasil membawa perubahan di Thailand akibat kurangnya strategi dan taktik dikarenakan tidak adanya sistem birokratisasi yang jelas selama gerakan.Kata Kunci: Thai Protest 2020, Gerakan sosial, monarki, Thailand
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