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The natural disasters created by infectious diseases have a formidable impact on people and societies. Without affecting the city infrastructure, pandemics leave the places abandoned because of the shortage of human resources, either due to deaths, illness, or unwillingness to work because of health risks. However, providing a timely response can prevent losses from occurring due to the virus dissemination. Since the first reported case of influenza in 1918 to the current pandemic Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), the system playing a key role in saving human lives is healthcare. Nowadays, smart healthcare system development is a popular trend and wireless communication is the backbone of such systems. To provide patients with diagnosis, treatments, and several health services both within hospitals and remotely, all the healthcare units must be equipped with advanced technologies. A rapid response unit is also required to handle the thrust of the patients and queries generated during disasters. This paper discusses healthcare communication challenges and possible solutions for early awareness and rapid response in disaster situations under the human-centric vision of sixth-generation wireless technologies.

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The sixth generation (6G) wireless technology aims to achieve global connectivity with environmentally sustainable networks to improve the overall quality of life. The driving force behind these networks is the rapid evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT), which has led to a proliferation of wireless applications across various domains through the massive deployment of IoT devices. The major challenge is to support these devices with limited radio spectrum and energy-efficient communication. Symbiotic radio (SRad) technology is a promising solution that enables cooperative resource-sharing among radio systems through symbiotic relationships. By fostering mutualistic and competitive resource sharing, SRad technology enables the achievement of both common and individual objectives among the different systems. It is a cutting-edge approach that allows for the creation of new paradigms and efficient resource sharing and management. In this article, we present a detailed survey of SRad with the goal of offering valuable insights for future research and applications. To achieve this, we delve into the fundamental concepts of SRad technology, including radio symbiosis and its symbiotic relationships for coexistence and resource sharing among radio systems. We then review the state-of-the-art methodologies in-depth and introduce potential applications. Finally, we identify and discuss the open challenges and future research directions in this field.

of mobile communication aims to connect this world digitally through green communication networks that provide secure, ubiquitous, and unlimited connectivity in an attempt to improve the overall quality of life. The driving force behind the development of these networks is the rapid evolution of Internet-of-Things (IoT), which has stimulated the proliferation of wireless applications in health, education, agriculture, utilities, etc. However, these applications are accompanied by the deployment of a massive number of IoT devices that require a significant radio spectrum for wireless connectivity. IoT devices usually have low data rate requirements and limited power provision but desirably a long life. Recently, the development of passive radio systems has opened new paradigms of spectrum sharing and coexistence. These systems utilize the radio resources and infrastructure of the active radio systems to perform their functionalities. By enabling the dependent coexistence, a new technology named symbiotic radio (SRad) enables the symbiotic relationships between the different radio systems ranging from mutual benefits or competition in terms of sharing the resources, in particular for IoT devices. This survey first provides the motivation for dependent coexistence and background of spectrum sharing through coexistence along with existing literature. Then, it describes the active and passive radio systems definition and a brief overview. Afterward, the history of symbiosis and the role of SRad technology in spectrum sharing and coexistence are defined while focusing on symbiotic communication. Lastly, we discuss research challenges, future directions, and applications scenarios.