Terpios hoshinota is a cyanosponge encrusted on the substrate in coral reefs that may cause mass mortality on the infested corals. This research was conducted to investigate the magnitude of damage level of corals due to the T. hoshinota outbreaks by assessing its growth rate, spatiotemporal variation, and prevalence between two sites in Seribu Islands. Four-time observation (T0-T3) in over 18 months (2016-2017) was conducted to see the growth level of sponge using a permanently quadratic photo transect method of 5x5 m (250.000cm2). The total coverage area of sponge on study site in the T0 was 65.252cm2 and becomes 81.066cm2 in T3. The highest level occurred on T2 of 2.051cm2/months in Dapur Island (the closest to Jakarta) and 483cm2/months in the Belanda Island (the further site). The highest sponge growth rate occurred on T1-T2 during transitional season from rainy to dry. The lowest growth rate was observed on T3 during transitional season from dry to rainy. In general, prevalence percentage was higher in Belanda Island than in Dapur Island. This study showed a persistence invasion of encrusting T. hoshinota on coral reef ecosystem that may overcome the function and role of associated organisms.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi terumbu karang dan mengevaluasi kondisi terumbu karang berdasarkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, indeks dominansi dan indeks mortalitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode suvei dengan menggunakan transek garis menyinggung (LIT), terdiri atas 3 stasiun dimana masing-masing stasiun dibagi atas 2 sub kedalaman yakni pada kedalaman 3m dan 10m. Tipe terumbu karang yang ada di Perairan Tanjung Gosongseng Pulau Enggano memiliki tipe terumbu karang tepi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 11 jenis bentuk pertumbuhan, yaitu Acropora Branching (ACB), Acropora Digitate (ACD), Acropora Encrusting (ACE), Acropora Submassive (ACS), Acropora Tabulate (ACT), Coral Branching (CB), Coral Massive (CM), Coral Encrusting (CE), Coral Submassive (CS), Coral Foliose (CF), dan Coral Mushroom (CMR). Tutupan karang di Tanjung Gosongseng menurut Kep Men LH no 4 Tahun 2001 tergolong buruk, sedang, baik dan, baik sekali keanekaragaman di kategorikan sedang, dominansi dikategorikan rendah, keseragaman di kategorikan tinggi, serta mortalitas sedang. Untuk parameter kualitas air baik untuk pertumbuhan terumbu karang
One of the methods of a marine rehabilitation program to accelerate the recovery of damaged coral reefs is to make artificial reefs as a new coral growth substrate. Interestingly, many benthic invertebrates overgrowth the artificial reef structures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benthic organisms encrusting the artificial reefs including the cement and iron substrates. In June 2018, 10 artificial reef structures were deployed in 7-8m depth around Putri Island, Belinyu, Bangka Regency. The artificial reef structures were made in the form of an iron frame with a cement concrete weight. Colonization of sessile benthic organisms is generally marine invertebrates; Scleractinia corals, sponges, bivalves, hydrozoa, bryozoa, soft corals, gastropoda, crinoid, ascidian, and gorgonian. Natural recruited coral Pocillopora sp. was found in all artificial reef structures with colony sizes 3-8cm and surprisingly only coral pocillopora found adhered in iron frames and sinkers. The other benthic organisms are sponge, crinoid, and bryozoa with the number of densities are 2 organism/m2. Meanwhile, the lowest benthic density are groups of Mollusc and Ascidian with organism/m2. The type of succession that occurs in this research was likely a primary succession. The preference of benthic organisms among reefs appeared to be related to the proximity of natural hard-bottom habitat and type of iron and coating materials.
Bangka Belitung Archipelago is well known as tin mining production in Indonesia. The mining activity was performed on land and offshore area which affect the shoreline and total suspended solid distribution especially at Pangkalpinang sea water. The aim of this study is to evaluate total suspended solid (TSS) distribution and compare with oceanography parameters (current and wave). The concentration of TSS was analysed in the laboratory by gravimetric total suspended solids. This study was conducted in June- July 2022 by using survey method and IDW Interpolation. The result showed that total suspended solid have various value, ranging from 56.3 mg/l – 93.3 mg/l. Based on PP No.22 in 2021, several stations on Pangkalpinang sea waters have passed the sea water quality standard. Prolonged exposure of sedimentation will lead to shoreline changes.
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