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Background: The aim of the study was to identify factors affecting renal outcome in Heart Transplant recipients (HTxR). Methods: Clinical information on 155 HTxR was analysed. Data from 16858 blood samples over a nine-year period were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify perioperative factors affecting postoperative renal outcome. Furthermore, renal outcome of the ischaemic cardiomyopathy group (IHD) was compared with that of the non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy group (Non-IHD). Results: A strong correlation between pre and postoperative renal function up to five years post transplantation was observed. (spearman r = 0.68). Multiple Regression analysis identified preoperative diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease (p=0.002), the presence of preoperative renal impairment (p=0.042), duration of donor organ ischaemic time (p=0.007) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (p=0.002) as independent risk factors for postoperative renal impairment. Significant difference in renal function was observed postHTx in the IHD group as opposed to the Non-IHD group. Conclusions: This study links independent perioperative risk factors to adverse renal outcome in HTxR. In addition, the decline in the glomular filtration rate (GFR) and "renal event" free survival of IHD patients is worse than that of the Non-IHD group. The IHD group is possibly more vulnerable to developing renal impairment postHTx.

Objective: To determine the gender based differences in quality of life after phase II cardiac rehabilitation in post coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) Material & Methods: A Quasi experimental study was conducted Shifa international hospital (SIH) Islamabad from June 2017 to November 2017 (IRB&: 778-053-2017). The sample of n=30 participants (male = 15, female = 15), were collected through non-probability Convenient sampling method. Male and female participants between 45-60 years of age with coronary artery bypass graft surgery and completed phase I cardiac rehabilitation program were included in the study. To measure quality of life RAND 36-Item Health Survey was used at 0 week and after 8 week. Results: The mean age of study participants in female was 54.53±3.357 and male 55.60±5.20 years. The results showed that there post intervention significant improvement was observed in male than female regarding physical functioning (33.33±4.98 vs. 70±41.40, p=0.028). Role limitation due to physical health also showed more improvement in male than female (MD=21.66). Role limitation due to emotional showed significant improve in females than male (26.66±45.77 vs. 80±41.40, p=0.002). Conclusion: The study indicated that 8 week phase II cardiac rehabilitation programs had significant role in improving all domains of Quality of life (SF-36). But physical function, role limitation due to physical health and role limitation due to emotional problem were more improved in male as compare to female. Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, CABG, quality of life, gender