The popularity of jute-based bio and hybrid composites is mainly due to an increase in environmental concerns and pollution. Jute fibers have low cost, high abundance, and reasonable mechanical properties. Research in all-natural fibers and composites have increased exponentially due to the environment concerns of the hazards of synthetic fibers-based composites. Jute based bio and hybrid composites have been extensively used in number of applications. Hybrid jute-based composites have enhanced mechanical and physical properties, reasonably better than jute fiber composites. A detailed analysis of jute-based bio and hybrid composites was carried out in this review. The primary aim of this review paper is to provide a critical analysis and to discuss all recent developments in jute-based composites. The content covers different aspects of jute-based composites, including their mechanical and physical properties, structure, morphology, chemical composition, fiber modification techniques, surface treatments, jute based hybrid composites, limitations, and applications. Jute-based composites are currently being used in a vast number of applications such as in textiles, construction, cosmetics, medical, packaging, automobile, and furniture industries.
The radiofrequency field levels may increase in confined environments, such as underground mines, due to reflections from inner boundaries (walls and arches). This study investigated the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the head and torso of a miner wearing a wireless device in underground mine scenarios. Two high-resolution voxel models were used to analyse the effects of a tunnel structure, a metal arch and a safety helmet at 2.4 GHz and 868 MHz. The results indicated that the SAR increase is modest for all simulated underground mine scenarios and was maximum in the presence of a metal arch. At 868 MHz, some observed that the SAR was greater in deep tissues of the head and torso as compared to SAR at 2.4 GHz. Also, the torso is a better site for mounting wearable devices on the body to mitigate exposure.
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