This paper includes the design and implementation of Numerical Relay that can protect the equipment against over-voltage, over-current and under voltage. Although, every power system is subjected to faults and these faults can severe damage to the power system. Therefore, it is necessary
to observe and resolve in time to avoid a large damage such as blackouts. For this purpose, there should be some sensing devices, which give signals to the circuit breakers for preventing of power system damages. The multipurpose relays have much importance role in power system for sensing
and measuring the amplitude of faults. Numerical relay provides settings of over-current, overvoltage and under voltage values. Simulations have been carried out using Proteus software along with tested on hardware with Arduino Uno Microcontroller that proves the working and operation of numerical
relay.
This article compares the conventional model predictive control (MPC) and active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) with a novel MPADRC technique for controlling a non-minimum phase behavior in the DC–DC boost converter. The control of the boost converter is challenging as it is nonlinear, and it shows non-minimum phase behavior in a continuous conduction mode (CCM). Moreover, in this article, the comparison is presented for the boost converter and the two-phase interleaved boost converter using MPC and ADRC, and the effectiveness of the interleaving technique is shown. Finally, it is proved that the interleaving method has much more efficiency and less output ripple than the simple boost converter. To conclude, a novel technique has been introduced that combines both the techniques, that is, MPC and ADRC, in the outer and inner loop with a boost converter, respectively, and the response is clearly the best when compared to the said techniques individually. The overall impact of this technique includes the advantages of both the techniques, that is, the use of MPC allows us to optimize the current value by predicting the future values, and the use of ADRC ensures that the disturbance factor is well tackled and cancels the effect caused by all the disturbances including ignored quantities as well.
Wind energy is the most clean and attractive source in addition to it abundant in nature. The main challenge in extracting the energy through wind is the uneven and unfamiliar turbulent wind field. Wind turbine pitch system plays pivotal role in achieving required blade angle along
with it to run generator at its rated speed. This paper focuses blade pitch control to improve power and to keep the system working in stable and safe manner. Blade pitch angle control has an important role in achieving maximum power, so the proposed controller is presented to maximize the
power and protect the system in case of uncertain conditions. Proposed controller is compared with conventional controller to investigate in addition to validate the technique as well as working. Different case studies over variable wind speed has been discussed to get the improved power and
to achieve safe and normal operation. Simulation is implemented on 1-MW wind turbine through MATLAB/Simulink and achieved the improved results from proposed controller.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.