The outcome of the study is based on both the primary and secondary data and information. The primary data were collected from a total number of 50 customers (25 big and 25 mid level customers) from 10 Private Commercial Banks (PCBs). Again, a total number of 50 bankers taking 5 from each sample banks were also selected as the respondents. Both the banks and customers were selected using convenient sampling for easy and smooth collection of data and information. Two sets of structured questionnaire keeping in line with the objectives were prepared for collecting the requisite data. The main research issues covered in the study are: adoption of online banking facilities in Bangladesh, identifying major components of online banking and their application, knowing the main online banking services offered by the selected banks, assessing customer satisfaction on online banking service and identifying the major problems of online banking service in selected banks. The main findings of the study are: i) it is observed that OBS has been introduced in Bangladesh in 1998. Up to December, 2011 OBS has in operation in a total number of 47 banks out of 56 banks. It is reported that fully OBS has been in operation in almost all foreign commercial banks. In all the 2 nd and 3 rd generation banks of local commercial banks OBS has been in full operation. In case of all 1 st generation banks and some 2 nd generation banks have introduced partial OBS.(ii) in most of the selected banks, the components namely debit card, credit card, automated teller machine such as Master Card, Visa Card, Q-cash Card, Point of sales, on line service, internet Banking and society for worldwide interbank financial telecommunication etc. have been introduced up to December 2011. (iii) the major online banking services are offered have been: View statements and account balances, Fund transfers, Bill payment, Manage savings and current account, Card service, Order cheque and books request, Stopping cheque, Fixed deposit placement and Requesting the bank statement. iv) on the basis of five point Likert scale, it is found that 60% of the customers have been highly satisfied, 24% of the customers have been satisfied and the remaining 16% of the customers have been unsatisfied on the online banking services offered by selected banks. As regards the impact of OBS on the customers, the study reveals that OBS reduces the frequency of customers' physical visits to the banks, customers are getting substantial benefits, customers are secured and customers access to accounts round the clock etc. v) the selected customers have identified some major problems of OBS such as unavailability of a backbone network connecting the whole country, inadequacy of reliable and secured information infrastructure especially in telecommunication infrastructure; sluggish ICT penetration in banking sector; insufficient legal and regulatory support for adopting e-banking; negative attitudes of management; lack of IT resources; lack of knowledge among employees and customers etc. The i...
In this paper, we mainly propose the approximate solutions to solve the integration problems numerically using the quadrature method including the Trapezoidal method, Simpson's 1/3 method, and Simpson's 3/8 method. The three proposed methods are quite workable and practically well suitable for solving integration problems. Through the MATLAB program, our numerical solutions are determined as well as compared with the exact values to verify the higher accuracy of the proposed methods. Some numerical examples have been utilized to give the accuracy rate and simple implementation of our methods. In this study, we have compared the performance of our solutions and the computational attempt of our proposed methods. Moreover, we explore and calculate the errors of the three proposed methods for the sake of showing our approximate solution's superiority. Then, among these three methods, we analyzed the approximate errors to prove which method shows more appropriate results. We also demonstrated the approximate results and observed errors to give clear idea graphically. Therefore, from the analysis, we can point out that only the minimum error is in Simpson's 1/3 method which will beneficial for the readers to understand the effectiveness in solving the several numerical integration problems.
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