In IMS III, futile recanalization was common. Delay in endovascular treatment is the only modifiable risk factor. Additional strategies for non-modifiable risk factors-female gender and high NIHSS-need to be identified.

CPAP therapy might reduce MACE and stroke among subjects with CPAP time exceeding 4 h/night. Additional randomized trials mandating adequate CPAP time adherence are required to confirm this impression.

The American and European expert documents recommend transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for inoperable or high-surgical-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. In comparison, efficacy of TAVR is relatively less studied in low-to intermediate-surgical-risk patients.We sought to discover whether TAVR can be as effective as surgical aortic valve replacement comes. In the analysis stratified by study design, no significant differences were noted in the RCTs for stroke, whereas TAVR was better than SAVR in matched studies at short term only (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.33-0.65, P < 0.001). TAVR is associated with reduced risk of acute kidney injury and new-onset atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05). However, increased incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation and paravalvular leaks was observed with TAVR. TAVR can provide similar mortality outcome compared with SAVR in low-to intermediate-surgical-risk patients with critical aortic stenosis. However, both procedures are associated with their own array of adverse events.

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Prolonged microcatheter-based local thrombolytic infusion appeared to be effective treatment in patients who have suboptimal response to acute transvenous endovascular treatment without any additional adverse events.