Background: A number of studies have also reported that preexisting diabetes as well as newly diagnosed diabetes with a first glucose measurement on hospital admission are both associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. This study aimed to investigate the immunological characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was carried out in a period between November 2021 and March 2022 in Iraq. A total of samples were subjected to laboratory examinations including Human Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) ELISA Kit, Tumor necrosis factor α using specific kit ELISA Kit, Human Islet cell antibody (ICA)ELISA Kit and Human C-Peptide ELISA Kit using specific ELISA Kit. Results: Regarding mean difference of variables among diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients all the investigated parameters has been showed significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with a P-value less than 0.001 except for CRP, correlation between age and COVID-19 patients immunological parameters showed that there was no significant correlation between age and the studied variables, mean differences of COVID-19 patients between males and females did not revealed a significant differences,,,,
The present study was planned to estimate some parameters linked covid 19 in Iraqi patients and these parameters includes serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgM and IgG) in the serum of the patients and comparing it with the healthy control group. This study aimed to determine the IgM and IgG responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with varying illness severities. The study was conducted between 66 adult patients with COVID‐19 and compared with 22 age and gender-matched healthy subjects as controls. All patients were diagnosed and confirmed to be positive for COVID-19 by Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). , the blood samples have been collected from patients in Al-Zahraa teaching hospital and martyr fairus hospital and some private laboratories, with diagnosis of COVID-19 , from October 2021 - January 2022. The age range in both groups was 14–72 years. The patients were classified into mild group (22 patients),moderates group (22 patient), and severe group (22 patients). Serum samples were collected from all participants and tested for the immunoglobulines levels by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method.
This study was carried out at Wasit Province / Iraq in cooperation with alzahraa hospital and Fairouz Hospital/ unit of microbiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of interferon (IFN-γ), and to evaluate the protective Role of this cytokine, in patients infected with (SARS-CoV-2). Samples were collected from many places at Wasit province. It included 66 blood samples from Iraqi patients with covid-19, and 22 healthy subjects as a control. The study was conducted during the period from October 2021 - January 2022, The age range in both groups was (14–72) years. The patients were classified into mild group (22 patients),moderate group(22 patients) and severe group (22 patients). Serum samples were collected from all participants and tested for the cytokine levels by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method. The mean serum levels of (IFN-γ), in the (COVID‐19), patients were significantly higher than those observed in the control group Also, there was no difference in (IFN-γ) levels between severe and moderates groups and this levels is slightly lower than mild group . There were significant differences in the means of the three selected variables between samples with (COVID-19), and those without the infection.
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