523 Prayoga, M.K. dkk: Preferensi petani terhadap keragaan padi (Oryza sativa) unggul untuk lahan sawah di wilayah Pangandaran dan Cilacap Abstract The object that conducted in this study is farmer's preferences of rice plant characteristics. This study was taken in 3 villages which are village Ciganjeng, village Pamotan, and village Rawaapu. The method used in this study was quantitative design with descriptive analysis. The respondents were 64 rice plant farmers. Measuring instrument used was questionnaire and interview. The result of this study showed that farmers has its own preference for the character of rice plants. Conclution of this study is farmers preferred rice plants which has an average height of plants, wide leaves, leave's surface, leave's angle, and rice straw's type; rice straw that has many branches; strong braches; has a lot rice grains; maturity of rice plants; lenght and wide grains size; non-aromatic; and tender texture. The farmers thought that leave's surface isn't an important character of a rice plants; high of plants, leave's lenght and wide, leave's angle, rice straw's type, grain's lenght and wide, and rice's scent are quite important characteristics; branch's strenght, grain's quantity, and plant's maturity are an important characteristics; resistance to pests, disease resistance, drought resistance, resistance to inundation, salinity resistance, productivity, and rice texture are the most important characteristics. Sari Objek yang dikaji dalam penilitian ini adalah preferensi petani terhadap karakter tanaman padi. Tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di 3 desa yaitu Desa Ciganjeng, Desa Pamotan dan Desa Rawaapu. Desain penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis data secara deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey untuk mengumpulkan data dengan mengedarkan kuisioner dan melakukan wawancara. Jumlah petani yang diwawancarai yaitu 64 orang. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah petani memiliki preferensi tersendiri terhadap karakter tanaman padi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah petani lebih menyukai tanaman padi yang memiliki tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, permukaan daun, sudut daun dan tipe malai yang sedang, cabang malai sekunder yang banyak, ketegaran batang yang kuat, jumlah anakan yang banyak, umur yang genjah, ukuran gabah yang panjang dan lebar, aroma yang tidak wangi, serta tekstur nasi yang pulen. Petani beranggapan bahwa karakter permukaan daun merupakan karakter yang tidak penting; karakter tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar

It has been widely known that integrating and adopting sustainable agricultural practices can restore and maintain the health of degraded agricultural land and adapt to climate change. Azolla pinnata and Sesbania rostrata are local potential plants in paddy fields that can be used as green manures. Two paddy varieties were planted. The experiment was conducted as factorial randomized block design, consisting of green manure types (p1 = goat manure 10 t/ha, p2 = goat manure 10 t/ha + Azolla 10 t/ha, p3 = goat manure 10 t/ha + Sesbania 2 t/h, and p4 = goat manure 10 t/ha + Azolla 5 t/ha + Sesbania 1 t/ha) and rice varieties (v1 = Bangir and v2 = Inpari 41). The results indicated that the use of green manure has increased the nitrogen and organic carbon contents in the soil from 0.10% and 0.82% to more than 0.20% and 2.0%, respectively. Inpari 41 variety produced higher grain yield (4.92 t/ha) compared to Bangir variety (3.48 t/ha). These findings indicate that the suitable green manure combined with paddy varieties can improve the resilience of soil health and paddy productivity.

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Demonstration plots (demo plots) have been used as participatory research methods to conduct Climate Field Schools (CFS) with farmers from May to October 2018. CFS aimed at improving the adaptive capacities of the farmers and obtaining appropriate technologies to be adopted in the two villages of Ciganjeng and Rawaapu. The demo plots were set up with a different treatment of organic manure (T1 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost; T2 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 10 ton ha−1 of Azolla pinnata; and T3 = 10 ton ha−1 of cattle compost + 2 ton ha−1 of Sesbania rostrata) and different rice varieties. The farmers were fully responsible for the monitoring of the parameters (e.g., plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield). The demo plots results revealed that the application of organic manure T2 has increased the soil C and N content by 64.6 and 40.00%, respectively, and rice yield by 27.8% compared to neighboring plots using inorganic fertilizers. The Mendawak variety at both CFS locations showed better performance compared to the other varieties. Moreover, the capacity of the research farmers involved in the CFS has been increased by 52.74% with a gain factor of 0.42 in Ciganjeng and 41.23% with a gain factor of 0.39 in Rawaapu moderately based on pretest and posttest results. It is concluded from the research process that farmers who built up their capacity on on-farm show a high level of confidence and can convey comprehensive information to other farmers.