Food security in developing countries like Ethiopia has been a challenge for many years due to pre and post-harvest losses of agricultural products which are caused by different biotic and abiotic factors. Grain losses from pest infestation prior to harvest and during storage are a serious problem, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. More than 70% insect pests have been identified; they attack stored grains among which beetles and moths are the most important. The overall quantitative and qualitative damages caused by these insect pests are estimated at 30 to 40% annually. To minimize these damages, development of less susceptible germplasms, cultivars and varieties which are an ecofriendly and economically feasible management options has been encouraged by many scholars since the development of modern breeding technologies. Thus, resistant varieties can have a tremendous impact on sustainable crop production to ensure future food security. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of varietal screening research for field and storage pests associated with the major food and export crops with particular emphasis on Ethiopia.
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