Background: The nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS is related to morbidity and mortality and may predict the course of HIV infection and the management of these helps in recovery and maintenance of health status.Aims & objectives: The main aim of the current study toassess the nutritional status and nutritional supplementation in children with HIV at ART center.Subjects and Methods:A prospective observational study was conducted between May 2017 and May 2018 in a total of 100 children aged 1 to 18 years with proven HIV status attending ART centre. Each child included in the study was examined clinically and their anthropometric data was recorded. They were provided with a fixed nutrition supplementation of 2 scoops of protein powder and one serving of peanut chikki per day and they were followed up regularly. At the end of one year, they were examined clinically and their anthropometric data was recorded again. Result:In the present study, about 44% of subjects were males and 56% were females. Majority of the children (55%) fell in the age group of 11-15 years. 36% were on pre-ART and 64% were on ART.At the beginning of the study, 59% of children were stunted and 64% of the children had < 2 SD of BMI for age. According to WHO, Z scores could be calculated only for children less than 10 years of age. In this study, 34 children fell in this age group and 24 among them were underweight at the beginning of the study. Conclusion:After giving the nutritional supplementation for a period of one year, there was a statistically significant improvement in height-for-age, weight-for-age and the Z scores of height-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age. Though there was an improvement in the mean values of BMI for age, this was not considered to be statistically significant. Finally, nutritional interventions should be tailored and assessed to improve growth, especially at time of ART initiation that could lead to an optimisation of their clinical response and survival of ART-treated children.
Background: Wheezing is a highly frequent symptom in paediatric populations. An etiologic diagnostic is complex and becomes more difficult with younger children. For asthma, allergen exposure plays a fundamental role in sensitization, and subsequent acute and chronic symptoms Skin prick test (SPT) allows detection of sensitization safely and efficiently in all age-groups. Aim and objectives: To assess the prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in a pediatric population with recurrent wheezing episodes using SPT. Methodology: Cross-sectional observation study to study the type of allergic sensitivity in a pediatric population in Hyderabad. Results: Children with recurrent (4 or more episodes of wheezing in the past year) ages between 2yrs to 10 yrs. The total number of the patients included in the study was 100 patients, 50 (50%) male and 50 (50%) with Mean Age = 6.15 years. Out of the 50 male cases, 35 (70%) had positive SPT to at least one of the aeroallergens and 15 (30%) were negative for all aeroallergens tested. Out of the 50 female cases, 32(64%) had a positive SPT to at least one of the aeroallergens and 18(36%) were negative for all aeroallergens. Out of 100 children, 67 (67%) had positive SPT to at least one of the aeroallergens. 26 (70.2%) of patients with positive tests were in the age group 5-7 years and 26 (78.78%) were in the age group of 8-10 Yrs. Only 15 (48.3%) were found in the age group 2-4 years. The highest prevalence of positive skin reaction was recorded for mite allergens among them Dermatophytosis pteronyssinus (80.5%), D. Farinae (80.5%), Bloomia (56.4%), among Fungi group, Aspergillus fumigates (11.9%) Alternaria alternate (10.4%), Cladosporium herbarum (2.9%) Cat, cockroach and pigeon showed positive in (19.4%) (14.9%) and (4.4%) of cases respectively. Allergy to indoor allergens was significantly higher than outdoor allergens (P-value <0.0001). Conclusion:SPT is an effective way to determine aeroallergen with minimal expense & greater selection of antigen. Specific allergen identification helps in implementing specific allergen preventive measures. Dust mites are the most common aeroallergen in all age groups. Among Dust Mites Dermatophagoides Farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssiuns & Blomia are most common. Incidence of aero allergy in children with recurrent wheeze increases with age. Indoor allergens are more common than outdoor allergens.
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