Introduction:Pseudocyst of pinna is an uncommon condition hardly encountered in routine ENT practice. The involvement is usually seen in scaphoid, triangular fossa, and antihelix. Medical treatment is ineffective. Various treatments are suggested in the literature. The aims of the paper were to study the clinical characteristic of patients with pseudocysts and to share our experience with surgical deroofing and buttoning as a definitive treatment.Materials and Methods:Twenty-six patients were diagnosed with pseudocyst of the auricle between April 2011 and 2013 in two medical college hospitals. Clinical characteristics were noted. All patients underwent incision and drainage with removal of anterior cartilage leaflet followed by buttoning for 12 days.Results and Observations:Out of 26 patients, only two were females. Involvement of left side was seen more than right one. None had bilateral involvement. Adults in the age group of 31-40 were commonly affected. Most common site of involvement was scaphoid and triangular fossa. The success rate with primary I and D and buttoning was 96%.Conclusions:Pseudocyst of the pinna is a benign condition of unknown etiology affecting the pinna, commonly encountered in middle-aged men. Many modalities of treatment have been recommended in the literature with varied recurrence and failure rates. The best form of treatment with minimum recurrence is incision and drainage with removal of anterior cartilage leaflet with buttoning.

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A deaf person is defi ned as those in whom the sense of hearing is nonfunctional for ordinary purpose of life or hearing loss of 95 dB (profound) or total deafness and who do not understand/hear sound at all even with amplifi ed speech and fail to develop speech. Th ese children have oft en been termed as deaf-mute or deaf and dumb. However, these children have ABSTRACTDaily activities, interpersonal relationship, employment, and general well being; among such skills, communication skills are essential to a successful life for all individuals. Such skills affect education, adequate hearing acuity is of paramount importance and acts as a prerequisite in the overall personality development of an individual. Hearing impairment at any age has serious effects on the day to day life of an individual and he/she feels handicapped socially, emotionally, and scholastically. A child stuck with this malady is a back bencher in the class, excommunicative, and absent-minded. This study was conducted in order to fi nd out various causes of hearing impairment in children and to study role of various audiological and radiological tests in fi nding the cause of impaired hearing in children. Aims and Objectives: To assess the possible etiological causes of hearing impairment in children. Study role of various audiological tests in fi nding the cause of impaired hearing in children. Study Design: Prospective study. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of ENT and HNS of government medical college Srinagar. Atotal of 150 children of age range 0-14 years visited our ENT Department with complaints of impaired hearing, but only 70 children who met the inclusion criteria of impaired hearing and defective/delayed speech were selected for this study. Results of initial evaluation by means of comprehensive clinical history and followed by proper thorough systemic physical examination from head to toe was performed. These hearing impaired children were subjected to various subjective and objective tests; pure tone audiometry and behavioral observation audiometry were performed for subjective tests and impedance audiometry, Oto-acoustic emissions (OAE), and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) were performed for objective tests. Results: Possible etiological cause on the basis of history were birth anoxia (2.85%), premature (5.71%), low birth weight (4.28%), hyperbilirubinemia (4.28%), and consanguinity (42.86%). Possible cause revealed after proper systemic examination includes 2.85% children with craniofacial abnormalities, 2.85% children with Down's syndrome, and 1.42% with Usher's syndrome. OAE revealed 70% bilateral REFER and 30% bilateral PASS. Impedance audiometric results were mostly Type A tympanogram. Pure tone audiometric results were mostly on profound hearing loss (86.69%). BERA fi ndings were mostly on profound hearing loss (85.79%). Conclusion: In this study large vestibular aqueduct (LVAQ) is most common cause of abnormality detected in hearing impaired children.

We report a case of Amyloidosis of larynx in a 60-year-old adult who reported to us with hoarseness of voice of 3 years long duration and no other symptoms. Patient was treated successfully with endoscopic curettage of the mass with no inadvertent ill effects.

Children with RPA most commonly present with restricted neck movements, fever and cervical lymphadenopathy, and rarely with respiratory distress or stridor. Surgical intervention is necessary for most of these patients.

We consider steady, fully-developed flows of deformable, inelastic grains driven by gravity between identical bumpy walls. Using constitutive relations from extended kinetic theory (EKT) for the erodible bed near the centreline and the collisional flow between the surfaces of the bed and the walls, we calculate the fields of mean velocity, fluctuation velocity and solid volume fraction across the chute. We consider both situations in which the solid volume fraction at and near the centreline is high enough to form a bed and when it is not. We compare results predicted by EKT with recent discrete element simulations results, and obtain very good agreement.

To report on a series of patients of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma of varied ages with different stages and management algorithm which reduced morbidity associated with this tumour. Retrospective. We report a series of ten patients who presented to a tertiary care institution and were diagnosed to have NA from 2012 to 2014. Patients were categorized by Radkowski staging and data was collected to document differences in terms of presentation, operative technique, and postoperative course. All patients underwent preoperative embolization. Stage I and selected stage II lesions were approached endoscopically while the remainder underwent open resection. In comparison with open procedures, endoscopic procedures had less intraoperative blood loss (350 vs. 630 cc), operative time (90 vs. 150 min) and the average hospital stay was one day less (3 vs. 4 days). Proper preoperative work up including nonsurgical intervention in the form of embolisation and selecting proper surgical approach is rewarding in case of angiofibromas of all stages which help to reduce morbidity associated with these benign tumours.

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