Sheikh Nuruddin al-Raniri (d. 1658) is a renowned scholar in the Malay archipelago during the rule of Sultan Iskandar Thani (1636-1641 AD) in Acheh. He had authored 35 works on various disciplines of Islam and Bad 'al-Khalq al-Samawat wa al-Ard describes the concept of heaven genesis in Jawi manuscript MSS1517 (A). This article is a preliminary analysis of the manuscript focusing on excerpts of al-Raniri's exposition on the meaning of heaven and its categories. That heaven has respective names and inhabitants in the Day of Judgment. Study on the biography of al-Raniri and the written scripture was conducted by analyzing al-Raniri's thinking pattern, which was extracted from the book. Moreover, the concept of the natural phenomenon was explained and discussed intensively following Islamic thinking. Then each phrase and al-Raniri’s ideology was clearly defined base on the interpretation of Qur’an and hadiths. Result of this study shows that the writing method done by al-Raniri was mostly focusing on imagining the condition of a specific place in heaven. Keywords: al-Raniri; Bad 'al-Khalq al-Samawat wa al-Ard; heaven; earth eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2300
Al-Istishraq is one of the subversive elements that have been corrupting Muslims into becoming radicalised, since the times of colonialism until present times. They denied the contribution of Islam in knowledge and civilizations resulting precedence in Muslim civilization becoming unclear. Al-Istishraq succeeds in misguiding and affecting integration among Muslims as Muslims blindly follow the ideologies. Prevention on such matter is challenging as scholars fail to provide comprehensive guidelines. The extremism numbers are alarming. It raises hatred and destruction of others. This article shall briefly review the impact and cause of al-Istishraq, and Muslims weaknesses in comprehend the spread. Keywords: Al-Istishraq; Islamic knowledge; Muslims, orientalism; religious extremism. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2299
Komunikasi dakwah efektif sangat diperlukan dalam memelihara kemaslahatan masyarakat supaya sentiasa berada dalam keamanan, kedamaian dan harmoni. Niaz Muhammad dan Fazle Omer menyatakan bahawa prinsip-prinsip komunikasi dakwah yang efektif perlu meliputi semua aspek komunikasi verbal dan komunikasi non-verbal. Sementara S. Salahudin Suyurno menyatakan dakwah yang efektif hari ini perlulah berdasarkan manhaj rabbaniyyah, sebagaimana yang ditekankan oleh Allah SWT di dalam surah an-Nahl, ayat 125. Kedua-dua hal ini tercakup dalam metode komunikasi Said Nursi ketika berdakwah sehingga tersebar ke seluruh Turki khususnya. Maka kajian ini memfokuskan kajian berkenaan bentuk-bentuk komunikasi Badiuzzaman Said Nursi khususnya komunikasi bukan lisan (non-verbal) semasa menyebar dan menyampaikan dakwah, yang diadaptasi menerusi karya agungnya, Rasail an-Nur. Metodolgi kajian ini adalah berdasarkan rujukan terhadap kitab beliau sendiri iaitu kitab Rasail an-Nur, serta penulisan daripada sarjana-sarjana tentang komunikasi dakwah beliau. Hasil kajian mendapati pengalaman berdakwah Badiuzzaman Said Nursi dalam pelbagai peringkat hidup beliau seperti dalam politik, pendidikan, peperangan mengangkat senjata dan sebagainya, menyebabkan beliau sarat dengan pengalaman berdakwah dengan kepelbagaian bentuk komunikasi khususnya dalam bentuk bukan lisan (non-verbal), seterusnya beliau diangkat sebagai tokoh dakwah dan islah kontemporari, sehingga digelar ‘badiuzzaman’ iaitu keunggulan zaman.
Wakaf merupakan satu institusi yang wujud sejak zaman awal Islam lagi. Ia berfungsi ke arah mewujudkan sosio-ekonomi yang seimbang dalam masyarakat. Di Malaysia terdapat banyak institusi, badan-badan kerajaan dan bukan kerajaan yang cuba melibatkan diri dalam industri wakaf. Antaranya ialah institusi perbankan. Jika sebelum ini kita mengenali institusi perbankan hanya bermatlamatkan pelaburan dan keuntungan. Namun sekarang bank melangkah maju ke hadapan dengan memperkenalkan produk dan kegiatan berunsur kebajikan sosial. Maka kajian ini akan menfokuskan kepada pencapaian pembangunan wakaf dalam bank-bank terpilih di Malaysia. Bagi memenuhi matlamat ini, penulis telah melakukan kajian dengan mengumpulkan data-data primer dan sekunder yang diambil daripada pihak bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad (BMMB), Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB), Malayan Banking Berhad (MAYBANK) dan beberapa institusi-institusi yang lain, serta membuat analisis terhadap data-data tersebut menggunakan kaedah kualitatif. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan didapati bahawa institusi perbankan di Malaysia khususnya telah memainkan peranan yang sebaiknya ke arah membangunkan ekonomi ummah secara efisien dan holistik berdasarkan hukum syarak. Kata Kunci: Perbankan Islam, Malaysia, Wakaf, Dana, Pembangunan Ekonomi
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