We conclude that heterogeneous, bimodally distributed hemodynamic responses to alpha2-adrenergic blockade in subjects with positive family histories of hypertension suggest a discrete subgroup with early expression of perhaps Mendelian traits associated with risk of later development of hypertension. Such phenotypic traits ('intermediate phenotypes'), with earlier penetrance than hypertension itself, can be
Results: Urinary kallikrein activity varied substantially (F ؍ 5.30, P ؍ 0.006) across the three ethnic groups, with African-American values ෂ50% lower than Caucasian (P ؍ 0.005) or Asian (P ؍ 0.02). Ethnicity and gender (T ؍ 3.24, P ؍ 0.001) had independent effects on kallikrein, with women excreting ෂ50% more kallikrein than men, regardless of ethnicity. Subjects at genetic risk of hypertension were over-represented (P ؍ 0.048)
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