A 17-day-old crossbred male bovine calf was presented with an additional and atypical limb-like structure on the dorsal thorax, just caudal to the hump.. Physical examination indicated that the ectopic appendage was similar to a supernumerary limb but much shorter in size and incom¬plete in structural details, with the characteristic appearance of a half-butterfly wing. This acces¬sory structure was attached to the middle of the back with muscles, fibrous tissues, and carti¬lage in a flexible condition resembling a limb-bud. It was likely to be composed of soft internal bones surrounded by layers of tissues and outer skin. Clinically, the case was diagnosed as an atypical notomelia, and surgical excision of the aberrant structure was done to handle the case. Postoperatively, the calf was treated with supportive medications, including proper management, and subsequently recovered within 2 weeks after surgery.
Objective: This study highlights a case of uroperitoneum from urinary bladder rupture in a bovine calf and further describes the surgical interventions. Materials and Methods: A 7-month-old weaned Brahma bull-calf was presented with a distended abdomen alongside a history of complete absence of urination for 9 days. Previously, the animal suffered from urinary inconsistence and dribbling-type urination. Physical palpation on the ventral aspect of the distended abdomen revealed a fluid-filled condition, and further needle aspiration confirmed the fluid to have a slightly alkaline pH resembling that of urine. The preputial manipulation and urinary catheterization were of no use for the obstruction. A light uremic smell was found in the animal’s breathing. Elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were also detected. Clinically, it was assumed to be a ruptured urinary bladder (cystorrhexis) and subsequently diagnosed as a case of uroperitoneum (water belly). Paramedian laparotomic exploration was carried out to detect the ruptured part (perforation) of the bladder, and simultaneous expulsion of the accumulated peritoneal urine was done. A tube cystostomy was performed with Foley’s catheter to handle the case after repairing the perforated bladder (cystorrhaphy). In the postoperative phase, supportive medications and good management were ensured. Results: The calf recovered within 2 weeks of surgery and was found to maintain unremitting urine flow through the surgically fixed catheter. However, the calf was culled after 1 month of surgery. Conclusions: Tube cystostomy can be an effective approach for the management of water bellies in calves to save lives.
Background: Spaying is considered as a reliable surgical method for birth control and preventing potential feline reproductive diseases. Aim: This experiment was carried out to evaluate the suitability of left lateral flank approach for routine spaying in cats. Methods: Twenty-seven queens of 7-24 months old and 1.5-3.5 kg BW were spayed through flank laparotomy in the left lateral side of abdomen. The cats were categorized into two groups: Group A (n=12; cats did not yet give birth) and Group B (n=15; cats gave birth before). The studied variables included age, BW, vaccination history, skin incision length, total surgical duration, time needed for ligating ovarian pedicles and uterine body, suture materials, postoperative complications and healing duration. Results: There were no significant differences (P<0.05) in age, BW and vaccination history of the cats between the two groups. The mean incision length and total duration of surgery were greater in case of Group B than Group A. The ease of entering into the peritoneal cavity, duration of ligating the ovarian pedicles and transfixing the uterine body did not vary significantly (P<0.05) between the groups, although longer time was taken for Group B than Group A. 62.96% spayed cats were found with no postoperative complication. The observed complications included wound site infection (7.41%), dehiscence of suture lines (11.11%), bleeding (3.70%) and oozing (14.82%) from wounds which were further treated successfully for complete recovery. Conclusion: Left lateral flank approach can be an effective method of spaying in queens without any life threating complication.
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