Purpose: The purpose of this study is to study the main epidemiological, clinical, para clinical, pathological, therapeutic, and evolutionary features of patients with testicular neuroendocrine tumors (TNET). Materials and Methods: Nine case series and sixteen case reports were identified by searching PubMed database and qualified for inclusion in this study. We added the data of one case treated in the department of urology in Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax, to the published cases. Results: A total of 132 cases were collected. Median age at diagnosis was 39 years old (range 10- 83 years). The most common presenting symptom was either a testicular mass or a swelling in 38.46% of cases. Carcinoid syndrome was documented in 10.60% of patients. The clinical examination revealed a palpable mass in 44.70% of patients. This mass was painless and firm in most cases. Serum tumor markers (β-gonadotrophine chorionique humaine, α-feto protein, and lactate dehydrogenase) were within normal limits in all patients except in one case. Most testicular neuroendocrine tumors (76.52%) were primary and pure. The tumors were positive for chromogranin (100%), synaptophysin (100%) and cytokeratin (93.10%). Metastases were detected at time of diagnosis in eight cases (6.06%). The main treatment was radical orchiectomy performed in 127 patients (96.21%). The 5-year overall survival rate was 78.70% and the 5-year specific survival rate was 84.30%. Conclusion: The diagnosis of testicular carcinoids is based on the immunohistochemistry study. The treatment of choice for these tumors is radical orchiectomy. Somatostatin analogues were reported to be effective in patients with carcinoid syndrome.
Cystic adrenal tumors are rare with an incidence of approximately 0.06% in the general population. Four main histological types are distinguished: Endothelial cysts of lymphangiomatous or angiomatous origin, pseudocysts, epithelial cysts and cysts of parasitic origin. Surgery is recommended for signs of complications, suspicion of malignancy and large size. In other cases, simple surveillance can be proposed. We report here a case of a lymphangiomatous endothelial cyst of the adrenal gland. The objective is to recall the clinical characteristics and to specify the diagnostic contribution of imaging as well as the therapeutic modalities of this entity.
Dermoid cysts are benign tumors that originate from aberrant primordial tissues. About 7% of all dermoid cysts are located in the head and neck region. We present here the case of a periorbital dermoid cyst in a 34 years old patient, involving the frontal bone.Case Report: We report the case of a 34 years old female patient, who has a history of a cystic formation of the superior inner angle of the right orbit, for which she received surgery 3 years prior. Clinical examination found a swelling located in the superior inner angle of the right eye, of hard consistency, painless, without local infl ammatory signs, measuringapproximatively 2 cm. A CT-scan was realized, showing images of an encapsulated and limited supraorbital lesion, developed on both sides of the frontal bone, with an external component. Histopathology examination revealed the presence of keratinized squamous cells, confi rming the diagnosis of a dermoid cyst. Conclusion:Frontal dermoid cysts are uncommon but need to be considered as a differential diagnosis of any mass in orbital region. CT can help to suggest the diagnosis. Its surgical excision must be complete to avoid recurrence.
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