Nowadays, because of limited sources of energy, thermal insulation property is becoming very important for engineers. The main purpose of this work is to investigate thermal insulation property of three-dimensional knitted spacer fabrics integrated by ceramic powder-impregnated fabrics. Ceramic materials are well-known and useful for thermal insulation applications. An apparatus was designed and manufactured for measuring the heat flux through fabrics as well as thermal insulation property. The apparatus consists of a guarded hot plate providing adjustable temperature ranging from 36 to 500 C. In order to measure the fabric cold-side temperature, an infrared thermometer is used. A heat flux sensor is also used to measure the heat flux through samples. To improve thermal property and prevent the air convection through spacer fabric, a three-layered fabric system consisting of a three-dimensional knitted polyester spacer fabric in the middle and integrated by two layers of knitted cotton fabrics impregnated with silica at both sides was constructed. This multilayer construction had a significant effect on increasing the thermal resistance property in comparison to the untreated spacer fabric. A series model was also considered for the thermal resistance of multilayered set. Thermal resistance of each layer was first measured separately and thermal resistance of multilayered set was calculated according to the series model. The total thermal resistance of the set was then measured. The results showed a good agreement with those from series model.
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the surface temperature distribution in several single and double jersey weft-knitted fabrics. Plain knitted fabrics as well as those with, double cross-tuck, cross-tuck, double cross-miss, and cross-miss pattern together with plain rib and interlock structures were under consideration in term of their structural differences. In order to investigate the temperature distribution in produced samples, all the fabrics were placed on a 35 ˚C adjusted hot plate instrument and thermal images were captured by an infrared thermal camera. The results revealed that the presence of tuck stitches in single jersey weft-knitted fabrics increase the air permeability due to the increasing the fabrics' porosity, which in turn leads to decrease their thermal resistance as compared with plain knitted structure. On the other hand, addition of miss stitches in single jersey knitted structures would decrease the thickness of fabrics and improves their heat transfer ability. The obtained results, from rib and interlock knitted structures, suggested their lower heat conductivity in comparison to the single jersey knitted samples.
The aim of this study was simulating the temperature distribution in course-wise extended weft-knitted fabrics by considering different extension levels. Accordingly, three types of weft-knitted fabrics structured in plain single jersey, plain rib, and interlock patterns were prepared using an electronic flat knitting machine. The fabrics were then exposed in a course-wise manner to three different extension levels (0%, 15%, and 30%) from which their heat transfer features at an extended state could be measured, by using the hot plate instrument and an infrared thermal camera. For the theoretical evaluation of temperature distribution, the fabrics’ corresponding geometrical unit cells were established in a finite element software environment. There was an acceptable agreement between the experimental and modeling results. It was also shown that applying different extension levels could significantly affect the knitted fabrics’ temperature distribution.
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