BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: In Pakistan, there is lack of awareness to maintain oral hygiene and cleaning of oral structures. The current study aims to unveil homemade remedies and self-care methods followed by a majority of the rural population to cure dental pain in Sindh, Pakistan.  METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at dental OPD of the Secondary Health Care Facility of Sindh, Pakistan, by following a random sample selection approach.  Patients from both genders representing oro-dental problems of ages ≥ 5 year were included in the study. Patient’s clinical and demographic data was collected, and further descriptive data analysis was done by using Microsoft Excel 2016. RESULTS: A total of 1627 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. The highest number of cases (73.81%) were belonging to the age group 15-49 years, affirming that adults are at greater risk of developing toothache and dental pain. Surprisingly, about 78.97% patients had never visited any physician for seeking the clinical services. Similarly, 37.18 % of patients did not use any cleaning substance while 22.12 % patients preferred miswak for cleaning of their teeth. Only 2.95 % of patients visited dentists for proper care. CONCLUSION: Current research report concludes that from all the confirmed toothache cases, 22.13 % of patients sought care from general physicians in parallel with 22.34 % patients were preferring religious spells to manage their dental pain, which further multiplied the disease rate. However, general physicians at primary healthcare settings have limited knowledge and training in managing dental pain.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Knowledge regarding oral hygiene and routine practices of maintaining that hygiene contributes to good oral and overall health of a person. The objective of the study was to evaluate the oral hygiene perception and practices among patients belonging to rural and urban areas visiting a public dental institute. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental outpatient department (OPD) of the Institute of Dentistry Liaquat University Jamshoro Sindh from June-December 2019. All patients who reported the dental OPD during the duration of the study belonging to either gender and age 18-70 years were included in the study. While those who reported in emergency with painful conditions and chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc., were excluded. A written questionnaire was used to collect participant’s information including socio-demographic details and information related to oral hygiene perceptions and practices. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 28.94±9.84 years, with an age range of 19-58 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between female and male participants regarding knowledge and perception of the role of oral cleaning in decay prevention, different methods of preventing dental problems, and the role of remnants of sweet food in damaging teeth. While statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the type of toothbrush used, brushing technique, and frequency of changing toothbrush was demonstrated between participants belonging to rural and urban regions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge and routine practices regarding oral hygiene are much lower in residents of the rural region compared with the urban region.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the age, gender, causes, place of trauma, and type of crown fracture in permanent dentition among patients attending

Objective: To compare the frequency of instrument fracture of endodontic file using Rotary Pro Tapers and EDM Hy Flex series. Study Design & Setting: This experimental in vitro study was conducted at Institute of Dentistry Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Subjects and Methods: Data was prospectively collected from extracted human teeth. A total of 66 canals were included. Simple descriptive statistics were used to present demographic data, along with frequency and percentages to present qualitative variables. It was decided to perform a post-stratification chi square test taking a p-value of less than 0.05 as significant. Results: A total of 66 canals (33 each endodontic file using Rotary Pro Tapers and EDM Hy Flex series) were included. Mean endodontic file in group A and B was 1.28±0.14 mm and 0.58±0.08 mm. Comparison of instrument separation in endodontic file using Rotary Pro Tapers and Hy Flex series showed separation of 09 (27.3%) and 02 (6.1%) respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Protaper files generated much more stress than EDM Hy Flex files, but comparisons of instrument separation between the two instruments showed that the latter performed better overall. Keywords: Root canal treatment, Endodontic file, Rotary Pro Tapers and Rotary EDM Hy Flex.

Dental caries is known as an infectious disease of microbiologic origin. Streptococcus mutans is established to be the main causative agent, which leads to localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissues. It is the most prevalent oral disease which shows an inevitable geographic dissimilarity, socioeconomic patterns and severity around the globe. The role of Fluoride in Caries prevention is extremely imperative as it is substance which relates strongly in the caries process and favours remineralisation of the affected tooth after the bacterial attack has ceased. Objectives: The objective of this study was to record dental caries experience in rural population of district Matiari Sindh. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional. Setting: Camp of Taluka Hospital Matiari. Period: From the period of one year from Jan-Dec 2018. Material & Methods: A total of 102 visitants of camp were included in the study with caries evaluation of around 2569 teeth. Dental Caries status was checked by using DMFT index as recommended by WHO for oral health surveys. Results: Mean DMFT was found to be 0.07±. 146 (5.75%) teeth were found decayed, 43 (1.7%) were found missing due to caries, No tooth was found restored while 2378 (92.6%) were found to be in sound condition. Conclusion: Access to Oral and Dental healthcare services found to be minimal may be due to inadequate Dental facilities and lack of Dental professionals in rural areas of Sindh province.