Objective The aim of this study was to perform an analysis of angular measurements (from both the full face and profile), according to shapes of the human face. Method It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 108 black Ivorian subjects. For each subject selected, two standardized photographs (full face and profile) were taken, followed by anthropometric measurements. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 statistics software for Windows. Results In the present work, the faces were considered according to three particular qualifiers: broad face, medium face, and narrow face. Thus, 45.37% of the faces in this study were large, 31.48% on average, and 23.15% narrow. The interlabial angles of average face and long face were wider than that of large face with p < 0.01. The angle of the facial width was higher for large face and average face, compared to narrow face (p < 0.001). Conclusion Median and bilateral angles lead to rational understanding of the various shapes of the human face.
The Comoé National Park (CNP), the largest park in West Africa, is one of the twenty largest parks in the world. It undergoes many anthropics pressures, the most intense of its history have been those periods of sociopolitical crisis that Côte d'Ivoire has experienced. The anthropogenic pressures that weigh on this park are most often practiced by the riparian populations for their survival. These pressures are rife despite the State's investigations through the Ivorian Office of Parks and Reserves (OIPR), the structure in charge of the management of protected areas. In view of this situation, a fundamental question arises, how to achieve sustainable conservation of the park's biodiversity without depriving riparian populations of their survival? This study mainly allows to analyze the factors at the origin of the management problem of this park. Through a qualitative approach as well as the appropriate data collection techniques and tools, we identify the problems from three main angles, namely the socio-cultural, economic and institutional characteristics that underlie the sustainable management problem of the CNP.
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