・Of 104 cases analyzed, 76 (73%) were asymptomatic, 41 (54%) of which had pneumonic changes on CT. Other 28 (27%) cases were symptomatic, 22 (79%) of which had abnormal CT findings. ・Asymptomatic cases showed more GGO predominance over consolidation (83%), while symptomatic cases were more likely to show a consolidation predominance over GGO (41%). ・Asymptomatic cases showed milder CT severity score than symptomatic cases.

This erratum corrects an error in the number of cases in the study. The number of cases decreased from 112 to 104. These eight cases need to be omitted from the study for the following reasons:After submission of the manuscript, three persons withdrew their consent for research on discharge. As per IRB approval documentation of the study, three people need to be omitted from the study. Authors were notified about their withdrawal from the IRB only after online publication.The authors double-counted five cases because they had different names, and different study numbers were assigned. Many of the passengers of the cruise ship spoke neither English nor Japanese, and the names they were given at the initial triage on admission later proved to not be the correct ones. The PACS system recorded these persons as different cases for their follow-up study, and the study number was differently assigned for those cases.The authors conducted calculations and statistical analysis for these 104 cases and corrected the numbers and percentages in the Results section. Other parts including Conclusion were not changed.These changes were made online on April 8, 2020. Data changes are in bold.In the first two Key Points, Of 104 cases analyzed, 76 (73%) were asymptomatic, 41 (54%) of which had pneumonic changes on CT. Other 28 (27%) cases were symptomatic, 22 (79%) of which had abnormal CT findings. Asymptomatic cases showed more GGO predominance over consolidation (83%), while symptomatic cases were more likely to show a consolidation predominance over GGO (41%).Abstract, Materials and Methods, This retrospective study comprised 104 cases (mean age, 62 years ± 16, range 25-93) with COVID-19 confirmed with RT-PCR.Abstract, Results, Of 104 cases, 76 (73%) were asymptomatic, 41 (54%) of which had lung opacities on CT. Other 28 (27%) cases were symptomatic, 22 (79%)

Although an enormous number of animal studies on blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) have been conducted, there still remain many uncertain issues in its neuropathology and mechanisms. This is partially due to the complex and hence difficult experimental environment settings, e.g., to minimize the effects of blast winds (tertiary mechanism) and to separate the effects of brain exposure and torso exposure. Since a laser-induced shock wave (LISW) is free from dynamic pressure and its energy is spatially well confined, the effects of pure shock wave exposure (primary mechanism) solely on the brain can be examined by using an LISW. In this study, we applied a set of four LISWs in the impulse range of 15–71 Pa·s to the rat brain through the intact scalp and skull; the interval between each exposure was ~5 s. For the rats, we conducted locomotor activity, elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests. Axonal injury in the brain was also examined by histological analysis using Bodian silver staining. Only the rats with exposure at higher impulses of 54 and 71 Pa·s showed significantly lower spontaneous movements at 1 and 2 days post-exposure by the locomotor activity test, but after 3 days post-exposure, they had recovered. At 7 days post-exposure, however, these rats (54 and 71 Pa·s) showed significantly higher levels of anxiety-related and depression-like behaviors by the elevated plus maze test and forced swimming test, respectively. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there have been few studies in which a rat model showed both anxiety-related and depression-like behaviors caused by blast or shock wave exposure. At that time point (7 days post-exposure), histological analysis showed significant decreases in axonal density in the cingulum bundle and corpus callosum in impulse-dependent manners; axons in the cingulum bundle were found to be more affected by a shock wave. Correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the depression like-behavior and axonal density reduction in the cingulum bundle. The results demonstrated the dependence of behavior deficits and axonal injury on the shock wave impulse loaded on the brain.

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