The present data suggest the importance of early recognition and treatment of internal hernia, as well as its prevention by closure of mesenteric defects.

Duodenal-jejunal bypass might improve diabetes and liver steatosis by enhancing GLP-1 secretion through increasing serum bile acids and the proliferation of L cells in the ileum, compared with liraglutide.

DKT suppressed CPT-11 induced inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa and maintained the mucosal integrity.

Choriocarcinoma- and yolk sac tumor-like differentiation have rarely been reported in gastric cancers. We report a case of gastric adenocarcinoma, concurrently possessing choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumor components, of a 74-year-old man. A hemorrhagic, 11 × 8 × 3 cm, tumor with ulceration was located in the body and pre-pylorus of the stomach. Histological examination of the resected specimens demonstrated intermingled proliferation of three different components, namely, adenocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumor, which were immunoreactive for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), respectively. Gastric cancers with germ cell tumor components are uncommon and this is the second reported case of gastric cancer with choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumor components.

Introduction: Incisional ventral hernia is one of the most common surgical complications after laparotomy. Laparoscopic repair of incisional ventral hernia has been conducted recently, and the advantages of this procedure have been reported. However, in large orifice cases, the recurrence rate is increased. To improve recurrence rates in large cases, a hybrid method combining laparoscopic primary closure and mesh repair can be applied. Materials and Surgical Technique: Monofilament thread was inserted into the abdominal cavity for hernia closure and pulled from the other side of the orifice. The same procedure was performed from the upper side to the lower side without closure, and all thread was placed in line. Both sides of the thread were then introduced to the midline of the incision through a subcutaneous route. This procedure was conducted with an introducer. All threads were tied, and then a mesh was placed. Discussion: Hybrid techniques already combine mini-laparotomy for hernia closure and subsequent laparoscopic intraoperative onlay mesh for reinforcement, but such techniques require laparotomy. In our technique, closure of the linea alba does not require laparotomy. All procedures were performed laparoscopically. This procedure is very easy and safe, and does not require the abdominal cavity to be opened. Thus, hybrid methods are effective for treating cases of incisional hernia involving a large orifice.