Hypercalcemia is relatively rare but clinically important complication in childhood leukemic patients. To clarify the clinical characteristics, mechanisms of hypercalcemia, response to management for hypercalcemia, incidence of t(17;19) and final outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accompanied by hypercalcemia, clinical data of 22 cases of childhood ALL accompanied by hypercalcemia (412 mg/dl) reported in Japan from 1990 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Eleven patients were 10 years and older. Twenty patients had low white blood cell count (o20 Â 10 9 /l), 15 showed hemoglobinX8 g/dl and 14 showed platelet count X100 Â 10 9 /l. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)-mediated hypercalcemia was confirmed in 11 of the 16 patients in whom elevated-serum level or positive immunohistochemistry of PTHrP was observed. Hypercalcemia and accompanying renal insufficiency resolved quickly, particularly in patients treated with bisphosphonate. t(17;19) or add(19)(p13) was detected in five patients among 17 patients in whom karyotypic data were available, and the presence of E2A-HLF was confirmed in these five patients. All five patients with t(17;19)-ALL relapsed very early. Excluding the t(17;19)-ALL patients, the final outcome of ALL accompanied by hypercalcemia was similar to that of all childhood ALL patients, indicating that the development of hypercalcemia itself is not a poor prognostic factor.
The OS of patients in the JWiTS-1 study were comparable with the results of other multicenter studies in the USA and Europe. The outcome for patients with nephroblastoma and CCSK was fair. In contrast, the cure rate for those with RTK was not satisfactory. New treatment strategies are needed for patients with RTK.
Our results confirm a strong correlation between extensive Mongolian spots and Hunter syndrome for the Japanese population. The presence of extensive Mongolian blue spots should alert the physician to the possibility of Hunter syndrome.
Summary:There is considerable interest in developing banks of frozen umbilical cord blood cells for transplants but it is uncertain how long frozen cells survive. Our objective was to determine the recovery of frozen umbilical cord blood cells. We quantitated recovery of hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-GM, BFU-E, and CFU-GEMM) from frozen umbilical cord blood cells stored for up to 12 years. Decay rates of CFU-GM, BFU-E and CFU-GEMM Umbilical cord blood cells are increasingly used for transplant, especially when no HLA-identical sibling donor is available. Consequently, there is growing interest in developing frozen HLA-typed cord blood banks.Umbilical cord blood cells in these banks may be stored for several years before use. However, there are few data on long-term survival of frozen cord blood cells; most reports focus on relatively short storage intervals. 1 We studied viability of hematopoietic progenitor cells in 12 umbilical cord blood samples frozen for up to 12 years. Materials and methodsBetween July 1985 and September 1985, cord blood samples were obtained from the placenta of 12 healthy volunteer mothers at delivery (38 to 41 weeks of gestation). Informed consent was obtained from all. Immediately after delivery of the baby, while the placenta was still in utero, the umbilical cord was double-clamped 6 to 8 cm from the baby and cord blood collected. Before collection, the venepuncture site was cleaned with alcohol and betadine. An 18 gauge needle was inserted into the umbilical vein and cord blood was aspirated into a 50 ml syringe containing 5 ml of ACD. The volume of cord blood collected ranged from 28 ml to 45 ml. The umbilical cord blood was processed using standard techniques. 2 Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) gradient centrifugation was used to isolate the mononuclear cell fraction, which was resuspended at concentration of 2 ϫ 10 7 /ml. Mean (s.d.) mononuclear cell recovery was 48 Ϯ 11%. Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells were cryopreserved using a programmable freezer (model 801 CryoMed, Mt Clemens, Ml, USA), using standard cryopreservation programs, in RPMI-1640 media, 10% DMSO and 20% fetal calf serum 3 and stored in the liquid phase of liquid nitrogen.Cells were thawed after 1 and 6 months and 1, 2 and 12 years and a small aliquot removed to assess viable cell recovery (trypan-blue exclusion test) and to assay hematopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-GM, BFU-E and CFU-GEMM) by standard techniques. 3 Recovery was calculated by comparing numbers of cells to 1 month values. StatisticsA linear model was applied to the logarithm of cell viability results. Logarithmic transformation was used to stabilize variance in observed recoveries. For a given progenitor cell assay, the model is:Log (viability) ϭ a ϩ b interval cryopreserved when the estimate of slope (b) ϭ 0, there is no trend for cell loss over time. Results were expressed as a decay factor (d) with 95% confidence intervals.Decay over time (k) was calculated as d k .
SummaryTo evaluate haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children and adolescents, we reviewed the records of 47 patients who were ≤18 years, had relapsed or refractory anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and received HSCT between 1990 and 2010. At HSCT, complete remission (CR) was less common in allogeneic HSCT recipients (n = 24) than in autologous HSCT recipients (n = 23) (P = 0Á01). The autologous and allogeneic HSCT groups differed in terms of 5-year event-free survival (EFS) (38% vs. 50%, P = 0Á63), cumulative incidence of progress or relapse (49% vs. 28%, P = 0Á25), and treatment-related mortality (12% vs. 25%, P = 0Á40). However, these differences were not significant. Patients with non-CR at autologous HSCT had a significantly lower EFS rate (14% vs. 48%, P = 0Á03). Conversely, although those with non-CR at allogeneic HSCT had a lower EFS rate, this was not significant (44% vs. 63%, P = 0Á26). Reduced-intensity conditioning regimens were used for three of the 16 allogeneic HSCTs received by patients with non-CR. These three patients achieved CR, surviving 32-65 months after HSCT. These results demonstrated that allogeneic HSCT might be a treatment option for patients who do not achieve CR through conventional chemotherapy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.