Background Suicide is proposed as an important and growing issue in public health. The aim of this study is to compare suicide load in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries in order to pave the way for correct health policy making. Methods The population included 21 MENA countries. The data of Global Burden of Diseases in 2017 that estimate death rate for 264 causes was used. The GBD considers suicide according to definition of the ninth and tenth editions of the international classification of diseases as death due to poisoning or intentional self-injury. All suicide-related analyzes were evaluated using these indicators in excel 2016. Results The highest percentage of total suicide DALY attributable to risk factors of Alcohol and drug use are related to United Arab Emirates and Afghanistan countries, respectively. Iran is the sole country without suicide DALY attributable to alcohol consumption risk factor. Moroccan women and Libya, Afghanistan and Yemen men have the highest DALY rates in terms of ASR in the region, respectively. Suicide incidence have an increasing trend until the age group of 20–24 and then a decreasing trend. This trend is on the rise again since the age of 65. Discussion The necessity to improve social, cultural and economic factors along with effective measures on suicide prevention especially among low and middle income countries, performing more studies and precise registration of the cases especially in the areas that suicide is considered social stigma and crime should be considered as high agenda in national and regional strategies.
The impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on quality of life in diabetic patientsABSTRACT Background. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases and it includes disabling complications and chronic and invisible progression. On the one hand, this disease imposes high financial expenses on the patient and, on the other hand, reduces the quality of life. Presently, the COVID-19 epidemic has been an international concern, and evidence implies that people who have the underlying disease are at higher risk for the virus and will experience serious problems if they develop the disease. Methods. This research is a qualitative study with a kind of phenomenological investigation that has been conducted to investigate the patient's experiences and personal feelings with diabetes in terms of the effects of corona disease on their quality of life. In this study, the semi-structured interview method was utilized to collect information. The number of sample included 15 patients referred to health centers, and each interview was recorded with the patient's consent and was written on paper and analyzed. Results. The data of this study were classified into 6 main themes and 19 sub-themes after analysis. The main themes of the information obtained from this study included knowledge and awareness, psychologi-cal effects, entertainment, and recreational programs, patient's family, medical care, and communication with patients placing the greatest emphasis on medical care. Stress caused by corona disease and depression were the most important psychological effects expressed by diabetic patients. They also expressed some serious medical care problems, including the reduction of referrals to health centers for follow-up and care and the shortage of physicians and health personnel to provide services. Conclusion. This study suggests that diabetic patientsexperience many different problems due to corona disease. These problems influence the diabetic patients' quality of life, so we need to understand better and solve the diabetic patients' problems, make more effort, and perform more suitable planning to improve their health and quality of life. (Clin Diabetol 2021; 10
IntroductionAfter more than three decades of network system design, epidemiological transition, as well as the change in needs and expectations of rural communities, have brought some challenges for Iran’s health houses. So, this study is aimed at identifying these challenges through a qualitative study.MethodsThis was a qualitative and phenomenological study which was carried out in three phases in Iran in 2015. In the first phase, the required data was collected through semi-structured interviews with selected experts, health workers and referrals to Iran’s health houses, so that all were selected purposefully. In the second phase, two expert panels were conducted to provide solutions. In the third phase the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were evaluated using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) method. The data of the first two phases were analyzed using the Collaizi method.ResultsFourteen subthemes under five themes of ; quality of provided services, human resources, infrastructure, inter-sectorial and intra-sectorial relations, and contextual factors were identified as the challenges of Iran’s health houses, and consist of fourteen sub themes. Continuous education of health workers, equipping and renovating old buildings, improving inter and intra-sectorial relationships and the proportionating workload with a number of workers, were the most important solutions.ConclusionThe study showed that, over time, many of the functions of Iran’s health houses have been faced with problems, therefore, training the manpower, equipping Iran’s health houses and creating better public spaces and building culture are recommended to enhance the effectiveness and revisions based on the study.
Background. Pre-diabetes is one of the most widespread epidemics in the world. Pre-diabetics are the most susceptible to diabetes. The prevalence of prediabetes status is higher than that of diabetes. Lifestyle modification at this stage may delay the onset of type 2 diabetes for ten years. The present study aims at determining the Dezful pre-diabetic women's experiences of diabetic preventive eating behaviors. Methods. The present study employed a directed qualitative content analysis (DQlCA) conducted in Dezful in 2020. The experiences of 41 pre-diabetic women aged 30-65 years and 9 health care providers (physicians, nutritionists, public health experts) were explained using the in-depth interviewing technique on the factors affecting diabetes preventive behaviors, including nutritional behaviors and physical activities, based on the constructions of the PEN-3 model. The participants were selected from Dezful health centers. Analysis of the qualitative data was done via a directed qualitative content analysis (DQlCA). Data validity was estimated by assessing acceptability, reliability, adaptability, and transferability. Results: the most appropriate and accessible way to promote diabetes prevention behaviors in pre-diabet-ics is to hold training classes with a health promotion approach implemented by health care providers. Conclusion. Pre-diabetic women have a variety of beliefs and habits influenced by awareness, food culture, and temporal and spatial constraints. By identifying the positive and negative beliefs affecting diet, researchers who want to promote the nutritional behavior of pre-diabetic women should correct and eliminate negative and inhibitory beliefs by targeting these beliefs, emphasizing positive and motivating beliefs. They also should use the mentioned points in their educational interventions. (Clin Diabetol 2021; 10
Backgrouand Because of the end of permanent teeth eruption duration, 12 years old age has encountered with a great importance. The aim of this study is to determine DMFT status of this age group using systematic review and meta-analysis method. Methods Internal and external databases on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria were searched using the considered keywords. Heterogeneity and the quality of studies were assessed using I2 index and STROBE checklist. Forest plot was plotted using Random Effects Model. Funnel plot and Eggers’ test used to indicate publication bias. Results 95 studies with 12145 total persons and 393 mean person in each study were entered to the final step of meta-analysis. Using Random Effects model, total mean DMFT of 12 years olds was estimated 2.01 (1.83-2.19) and separately for girls and boys was estimated 2.10 (1.95-2.26) and 2.16 (1.94-2.38), respectively. Funnel plot and Eggers’ test were insignificant which indicate reliability of the study results and low publication bias. Conclusion The results indicated that mean DMFT of 12 years old population is 2.01 which this mean in boys is higher than girls ones. These permanent teethes need to be in the mouth lifetime, but have encountered with problems in the age of eruption. Review and reforms in dental health system seem necessary.
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